Effects of Organic Materials on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil and the Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco Based on Long-Term Experiments
Long-term experiments were performed to study the effects of organic materials(cake fertilizer and straw)on the physical and chemical properties of soil and the growth and quality of flued-cured tobacco.Four treatments of basic fertilizer were designed,including chemical fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer+fermented cake fertilizer,chemical fertilizer+rice straw,and chemical fertilizer+fermented cake fertilizer+rice straw.The results indicated that the application of organic materials improved the soil physical properties.The soil bulk density decreased by 3.1%-9.2% and the total porosity increased by 3.0%-8.5% in the third year of the experiment.Moreover,the combined application of rice straw and cake fertilizer on the basis of chemical fertilizer demonstrated the strongest improving effects on soil physical properties.In addition,the application of organic materials improved the soil chemical properties.The agronomic traits,appearance quality,and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco in the three treatments with the application of organic materials were better than those in CK,and they were the best in the treatment of chemical fertilizer+fermented cake fertilizer+rice straw.Furthermore,the application of organic materials,especially rice straw,improved the smoking quality of tobacco leaves compared with CK.Overall,the results obtained in the third year were better than those obtained in the second year.The combined application of rice straw and cake fertilizer was suitable for the conservation of soil in the field with tobacco-rice rotation in Hunan.
flue-cured tobaccoorganic materialssoil physical and chemical propertiesyield and quality of flue-cured tobacco
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