Screening and Application Effect of Fertilizers for Mitigating Successive Cropping Obstacle of Sweet Potatoes in Hunan Province
To alleviate the successive cropping obstacle in the main producing areas of sweet potatoes in Hunan Province,this study took a typical successive cropping obstacle land with acid soil in Hunan Province as an experimental area and selected Xiangshu 203 and Xuzishu 8 as experimental varieties.Fertilizers with the equivalent valency were applied,including special compound fertilizer for sweet potatoes,potassium-controlled and controlled-release humic acid fertilizer for hilly dry land,potassium-controlled and controlled-release humic acid fertilizers for plain land,humic acid compound fertilizer,bio-organic and inorganic compound fertilizer,bio-bacterial fertilizer A,and bio-bacterial agent B.The difference in sweet potato yield and soil nutrients in the successive cropping area of sweet potatoes treated with different types of fertilizers was compared.The results are as follows.(1)All types of fertilizers can increase the yield of Xiangshu 203 to some degrees,and the fresh sweet potato yield in the area treated with bio-organic and inorganic compound fertilizer reaches 40.15 t/hm2,which is 37.69% higher than that of the control group treated with special compound fertilizer.Meanwhile,the total biomass increases by 22.63%,with the most significant yield-increasing effect.The yield-increasing effects of areas treated with humic acid compound fertilizers and bio-organic and inorganic compound fertilizer are similar,and the fresh sweet potato yield is increased by 35.70%,with the total biomass increased by 18.68% .(2)In the experiment of Xuzishu 8,the actual yield of fresh sweet potatoes in the area treated with bio-organic and inorganic compound fertilizer can reach 46.95 t/hm2,which is 11.68% higher than that of the control group treated with special compound fertilizer,and the total biomass is increased by 7.38% .The fresh sweet potato yield in the area treated with humic acid compound fertilizer decreases by 5.04% compared with CK1,while its total biomass increases by 19.15% .(3)The application of different fertilizers has changed the soil fertility.The sweet potatoes in the areas treated with bio-organic and inorganic compound fertilizer or humic acid compound fertilizer exhibit the best effect in the balanced utilization of nutrients.Although the nutrients have increased significantly in the area treated with special compound fertilizer,the nutrient utilization rate by sweet potatoes is not ideal.In summary,the application of organic matter-containing fertilizers such as bio-organic and inorganic compound fertilizer and humic acid compound fertilizer is the most effective way to increase the yield of fresh sweet potatoes in successive cropping obstacle land of sweet potatoes in Hunan Province.
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