为探讨中国农村日常生活自理能力(activity of daily living,ADL)受损老年人的自理困境现状及其异质性和影响因素,基于安德森(Andersen)模型理论和中国健康与养老追踪调查(Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)数据库,对农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状进行潜在类别分析,并采用单因素分析和多因素分类logistic回归,探讨不同潜在类别的影响因素.结果显示:在纳入的有效样本2 447人中,中国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状存在3个潜在类别,即自理困境低危(占87.2％)、工具性困境高危(占4.1％)、自理困境高危(占8.7％);年龄、教育状况、居住方式、个人收入、贫困户状态、门诊利用次数、两年内体检情况、慢性病情况、自理独立等级、自评健康状况、生活满意度是影响老年人自理受困潜在类别的重要因素(P＜0.05).由此可见,中国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状存在群体异质性.相关部门应根据老年人不同的自理受困类别特征及其影响因素,采取更具针对性的措施,以改善我国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状.
The Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Self-care Dilemma of Elderly People with Impaired ADL in Rural China
To explore the current situation and heterogeneity of self-care dilemmas among elderly people with impaired ADL in rural China,and its influencing factors,based on Andersen model theory and the CHARLS database,a latent class analysis was conducted on the current situation of self-care dilemmas among elderly people with impaired ADL in rural China.Univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to explore the influencing factors of different latent classes.Among the 2 447 effective samples included,there were three potential categories of self-care dilemmas for elderly people with impaired ADL in rural China,namely,low-risk self-care dilemma group(87.2％),high-risk instrumental dilemma group(4.1％),and high-risk self-care dilemma group(8.7％);Age,education,mode of residence,personal income,status of poor household number of outpatient visits,physical examination within two years,chronic diseases,self-care independence level,self-rated health,and life satisfaction were important factors influencing the potential categories of self-care distress among the elderly(P＜0.05).There was group heterogeneity in the current situation of self-care dilemma of elderly people with impaired ADL in rural China.Relevant departments should adopt more targeted measures based on the different categories of self-care dilemmas among the elderly and their influencing factors,in order to improve the current situation of self-care dilemmas among elderly people with impaired ADL in rural China.
rural older adultsimpaired activity of daily livingself-care dilemmalatent class analysisinfluence factor
万方数据
维普
