摘要
综述了目前合成氨技术的发展历程和基本现状,分析了合成氨研究方向和工业生产采用的典型工艺及其技术特点、经济性.重点对比了传统热催化法、等离子体法、光催化法和电催化法及其催化剂的优缺点和工业应用价值,目前工业上主要仍采取传统热催化法合成氨技术,开发新型高效、节能环保的催化剂是合成氨技术的研究热点;绿氨代替灰氨生产处于探索和起步阶段,绿氨的转型发展是合成氨工业的发展方向,实现氢氨联合的绿色经济路线对保障能源环保安全具有重要意义.
Abstract
The development and basic status of synthetic ammonia technology are summarized in this review,as well as the academic frontier research direction and typical techniques employed in industrial production,including the technical qualities and economy.The advantages and disadvantages of the traditional thermal catalytic method,plasma method,photocatalytic method,electrocatalytic method,catalysts and their industrial application value are compared.At present,the industry still mainly adopts the traditional thermal catalytic method.The development of a new type of high-efficiency,energy-saving and environment-friendly catalysts is research hotspot of ammonia synthesis technology.The substitution of green ammonia for grey ammonia production is still in the exploratory and initial stage,and the transformation and development of green ammonia is the development direction of the synthetic ammonia industry.Realizing the green economic route of hydrogen ammonia combination is of great significance for ensuring energy,environmental protection and safety.
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