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碳基复合吸波材料

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随着无线电波和电子信息技术飞速发展，电磁辐射污染问题日益突出，在全球范围内引起广泛关注。为了解决电磁污染问题，人们致力于研究与开发质量轻、厚度薄、频带宽和吸收强的电磁波吸收材料。与传统吸波材料相比，碳基复合吸波材料具有优异的介电性能、特殊的微观结构、良好的阻抗匹配以及高效的吸波性能，且可有效降低复合材料质量，在吸波材料领域拥有巨大的发展潜力，已逐渐成为研究热点。本文从阻抗匹配、损耗机制等方面概述了电磁波基本吸收原理，综述了碳-碳、碳-金属/金属氧化物、碳-陶瓷等不同种类碳基复合吸波材料的研究进展。同时，综述了上述碳基复合吸波材料的合成方法、吸波性能和衰减机制。最后，论述了碳基复合吸波材料在电磁波吸收方面存在的不足并提出了可能的解决方案，展望了碳基复合吸波材料未来的发展方向。
Carbon-Based Composite Absorbing Materials
With the rapid development of radio waves and electronic information technology,the problem of electromagnetic radiation pollution is becoming more and more prominent,which has attracted wide attention around the world.In order to solve the problem of electromagnetic pollution,people are committed to researching and developing electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials with light weight,thin thickness,a wide frequency band,and strong absorption.Compared with traditional wave-absorbing materials,carbon-based composite wave-absorbing materials have excellent dielectric properties,special microstructure,good impedance matching and efficient wave-absorbing properties,and can effectively reduce the mass of composite materials,which has great development potential in the field of wave-absorbing materials,and has gradually become a research hotspot.In this paper,the basic absorption principle of electromagnetic wave is summarized from the aspects of impedance matching and loss mechanism,and the research progress of carbon-carbon,carbon-metal/metal oxide,carbon-ceramics and other kinds of carbon-based composite absorbing materials is reviewed.At the same time,the synthesis methods,absorption properties and attenuation mechanism of these carbon-based composite absorbing materials are reviewed.Finally,the shortcomings of carbon-based composite absorbing materials in electromagnetic wave absorption are discussed and possible solutions are put forward,and the future development direction of carbon-based composite absorbing materials is prospected.

electromagnetic wave absorptioncarbon-based compositesstructural featuremicrowave absorption mechanism

陆水清、刘轶昌、解志鹏、张达、杨斌、梁风

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昆明理工大学云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室 昆明 650093

昆明理工大学 真空冶金国家工程研究中心 昆明 650093

昆明理工大学 冶金与能源工程学院 昆明 650093

电磁波吸收 碳基复合材料 结构特征 吸波机理

国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金云南省重点研发计划云南省基础研究计划云南省基础研究计划云南省基础研究计划云南省"兴滇英才支持计划"产业创新人才项目云南省外国人才引进专项云南省重大科技计划

1217508912205127202103AF140006202001AW070004202301AS070051202301AU070064KKXY202252001202305AO350042202202AG050003

2024

10.7536/PC230814

化学进展
中国科学院基础科学局,化学部,文献情报中心 国家自然科学基金委员会化学科学部

化学进展

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.079
ISSN：1005-281X
年,卷(期)：2024.36(4)