The Watercourse of Yellow River in Central Plain Transporting the Tribute Grain and the Dynasties of Qin,Han,Sui,and Tang
Water transport of grain of Yellow River in Central Plain is the tribute grain transport channel mainly taking Yellow River,from the west of Taohua Yu valley in Zhengzhou city to the Lingbao section of Sanmenxia city,as the watercourse.It is composed of several sections——from Lingbao to Sanmenxia,from Sanmenxia to Mengjin,and from Mengjing to Taohua Yu section in Zhengzhou city.Aocang,and Xingyang old city are the key nodes in the wa-ter transport of Yellow River in Central Plain.As the only effective transportation channel between Guanzhong and Guandong,whether it is smooth or not is closely related to the rise and fall of the dynasties of Qin,Han,Sui and Tang.In the process of the unification of Qin,Han and Sui dynasties,the watercourse of Yellow River in Central Plain transporting the tribute grain had an important strategic position.The passage of Yellow River to the west of Taohua Yu Valley,as the watercourse transporting the army goods and materials,helped the Qin people gain the ad-vantage in the war of annexation and unification;and the smooth passage of Yellow River in Central Plain to the east of Guanzhong,together with the control over the millet of Aocange,almost became the decisive factor in Liu Bang's victory over Xiang Yu.In Han dynasty,the amount of tribute grain transported through the watercourse of Yellow River in the Central Plain had been rising,and the highest amount reached 6 million dan during Yuan Feng period,about 180,000 tons today.The Sui Empire controlled the richest region in the East Asia continent with the help of the watercourse of Yellow River in Central Plain transporting the tribute grain.Taking the watercourse of Yellow River from Taohua Yu valley in Zhengzhou to Lingbao section in Sanmenxia as the main axis,in the west the Sui Empire connects the Wei River,and in the east,connects the lower reaches of Yellow River and later together with Tongjing and Yongjing channels of Sui Tang Grand Canal,thus constructing a water transportation system which rea-ches the Huaishui river in the south and the Haihe river basin in the north.In Tang dynasty,Chang'an city in the central Shanxi plain relied more on the watercourse of Yellow River in Central Plain transporting the tribute grain.The quantity and scale of grain transported to Chang'an through the watercourse of Yellow River in Central Plain fluctuated continuously with the prosperity and decline of the Tang Empire.It can be said that when the water trans-port of grain of Yellow River in Central Plain was smooth and the water transport system was constantly improved,the Tang Empire prospered and thrived together with it;and when the water transport of grain of Yellow River in Central Plain was cut off,the regime of Tang dynasty also declined following it.Therefore,the watercourse of Yellow River in Central Plain transporting the tribute grain deserves to be called the lifeline of the dynasties of Qin,Han,Sui and Tang.
Central Plainthe watercourse of Yellow River transporting the tribute graindynasties of Qin,Han,Sui and Tang
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