Research Progress and Prospective of Synthesizing Carbon Quantum Dots
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) possess excellent physical,chemical and biological properties,such as aqueous dispersibility,low cytotoxicity and high resistance to chemical and photo bleaching,and it has gained wide attention and application in chemistry,biomedicine,sensormetrics and optoelectronics.In this review,latest progress of CQDs synthesis was reported,the top-down (arc discharge,laser ablation and electrochemical oxidation) and bottom-up (chemical oxidation,thermal decomposition and microwave pyrolysis) methods for preparing CQDs were emphasized on especially.Advantages and disadvantages of these strategies were discussed through comprehensive analysis and specific comparison of their distinct characteristics,utilization factors of carbon precursor,reaction conditions,size distributions of CQDs,fluorescence properties and application situations.Meanwhile,based on the principle of microreactor,reversed micelle and mesoporous material were introduced in size-controlled synthesizing CQDs.Moreover,microfluidic chips show green safety,efficient and controllable superiority to macrosystem.Combined with recent progress of synthesizing CQDs with microfluidic system,it would be further successfully applied to the preparing of CQDs in the near future.
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