Research Progress in Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Antimicrobial Coating
Antimicrobial coatings are widely used in healthcare,food service,hospital disinfection and microbial control.Graphene,one of the most popular nanomaterials,exhibits low bacterial resistance and tolerable cytotoxicity to mammalian cells.Graphene synergistically exerts antibacterial effects from both physical and chemical perspectives.In terms of physical properties,its sharp edges come into direct contact with bacterial cell membranes,leading to destructive extraction of lipid molecules.In terms of chemical properties,reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative stress and charge transfer disrupt bacterial cell membranes.Furthermore,graphene serves as a dispersing and stabilizing carrier for various nanomaterials,and due to synergistic effects,its composites demonstrate high antimicrobial efficiency and good biocompatibility,with extensive applications in antimicrobial packaging,wound dressings,and device surface cleaning.This article first provides an overview of the structure,safety,and antimicrobial mechanisms of graphene,followed by a brief summary of the significant achievements in graphene composite coatings.Finally,it reviews the research progress of graphene materials in the surface modification of implantable stents and discusses the future development trends of graphene antimicrobial coatings.
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