Research Progress on Niobates as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Niobates have garnered extensive research interest from both academia and industry as anode materials for high-energy-density,high-rate,and long-lifetime lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their superior rate performance and safety characteristics compared to traditional graphite or Li4Ti5O12.During lithium storage,niobates benefit from multiple redox pairs and an open crystal structure,significantly enhancing their theoretical specific capacity.Additionally,their operating voltage window is typically higher than the Li+/Li reduction potential,effectively preventing the formation of lithium dendrites.This paper delves into the lithium storage mechanisms of niobates,with a focus on anode materials such as TiNbxO2.5x+2(x=2,10,or 14)and MNb2O6(M=Ni,Cu,Zn,etc.).It elucidates the lithium storage mechanisms of these niobates and addresses their intrinsic shortcomings.Furthermore,the paper explores contemporary modification strategies,including nanomaterial crystallization,coating,and doping,aimed at enhancing the application potential of niobate naodes in the field of electrochemical energy storage.
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