Recent Progress in the Hydroboration of Carbonyl Catalyzed by Organoaluminum
Organoborate esters prepared by hydroboration are important synthetic intermediates,which can be further used for the introduction of various functional groups or the coupling of carbon-carbon bonds to prepare a wider variety of compounds.Currently,the catalysts for hyodroboration are mainly those transition metal complexes,however,the abundant,cheap,easily available and environmentally friendly organoaluminum compounds are also capable of achieving similar catalytic effects.Due to its strong Lewis acidity,organoaluminum is able to enhance the electron cloud density of nearby groups,which promotes the bonding of the catalyst with the carbonyl group and facilitates the reaction.The relevant experiments showed that the catalytic effect of organoaluminum is excellent,which can realize the conversion to target products in high yield,with high reaction selectivity,stable and mild catalytic conditions,and has strong theoretical novelty and practical value.This paper summarizes the catalytic applications of various types of organoaluminum catalysts for different types of carbonyl compounds,and analyzes in detail the catalytic mechanism of the hydroboration of different types of carbonyl compounds.Finally,the paper looks forward to the development trend of organoaluminum catalyzed hydroboration.
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