Research Progress of Organic Electrolyte Based Lithium-Air Batteries
With the gradual depletion of fossil fuels and the increasingly serious urban environmental pollution,the development of pure electric vehicles (PEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) has gained more and more attention.The electric vehicles of state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries have been able to drive for more than 140 km per charge,however,it is still far behind the 700 km range of a gasoline-powered vehicle.Due to its environmental friendship,low cost and the high theoretical energy density,which is 5～8 times as much as that of Li-ion batteries and comparable to gasoline vehicles,the lithium-air batteries have become the research hotspot of academia.The Li-air battery based on organic electrolyte has a relatively simple structure,and usually consists of a lithium metal anode,liquid organic electrolyte and a porous carbon or carbon-supported with catalyst air electrode,which is similar to Li-ion batteries,except that the air electrode is exposed to air.Much advance has been achieved in all respects in recent years.The paper introduced the main research progress made on organic electrolyte-based Li-air batteries,which would be illustrated from four perspectives:the reaction mechanisms,electrolyte,air electrode and lithium metal anode.Even so,major technological problems remain and restrict its practical application in the future.These problems include:the lack of fundamental reaction mechanisms,the instability of the electrolytes,the high reactivity of the lithium metal anode,low round-trip efficiency and poor cyclic performance.In addition,a carbon-free cathode may be needed,as a result of the decomposition of carbon and the reaction between the discharge product Li2O2 and carbon.In summary,the research and development of the Li-air batteries are still at its initial stages and great efforts should be spent.Based on this,the authors focused on the review of scientific problems of Li-air batteries in basic research,and pointed out the challenges and development direction of this system.
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NSTL
万方数据
维普
