Preparation and Application of Biodegradable Films Based on Biomass
The excellent processability and cost-effectiveness of petroleum-based plastics render them highly sought-after and extensively utilized across various industries,significantly enhancing convenience in human life and fostering societal progress.However,the disposal methods after use often involved direct incineration and landfill discharge into the natural environment.Due to the ultra-high stability of C-C bonds and high molecular weight,plastics are challenging to degrade in the environment,which poses a significant threat to the environment,life and health,particularly with regards to the increas-ingly severe issue of"microplastics".The development of biomass materials to replace conventional petroleum-based plastics has become the focal point of attention in the current macro background of the"plastic ban"and the pursuit of"carbon peak"and"carbon neutrality",aiming to address this inherent contradiction.The biomass is highly diverse,originating from natural plants,with a high yield and renewable nature.It is fully biodegradable,biocompatible,environmentally friendly,and serves as an ideal alternative to petroleum-based plastics.The preparation of biodegradable materials with properties similar to pe-troleum-based plastics from biomass raw materials also encounters numerous technical challenges,including inadequate molding,poor mechanical strength,and low transparency.Therefore,this paper focused on the research progress in the prep-aration of degradable film materials based on various types of biomass raw materials.Starting from the direct biomass raw materials of starch,pectin and chitosan,and the indirect biomass raw materials of straw,fruit shell and wood,the properties and applications of the obtained bio-based films were reviewed from the sources,composition,structure and extraction of biomass raw materials,as well as film preparation methods,including solvent casting,blow molding,extrusion,elcctrospin-ning,etc.Finally,this review examines the limitations and challenges associated with biodegradable films derived from bio-mass,while also providing a future outlook on research in this field.
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