摘要
煤矸石是一种煤炭开采和洗选过程中产生的典型工业废弃物,其大量的堆积造成了较大的环境问题.通过不同的改性方法对煤矸石进行改性,可以显著提升其在环境保护、资源回收方面的应用潜力.改性煤矸石在环境应用方面的研究涉及多个领域,这些应用不仅有助于减轻煤矸石对环境的压力,而且可以通过回收和再利用,为环境保护和经济发展提供新的动力,实现煤矸石综合利用的可持续发展.本综述从煤矸石的环境问题出发,强调了通过改性技术提升其环保潜力的重要性并详细分析了改性煤矸石在废水处理、土壤修复、建筑材料制备等方面的应用,并探讨了面临的挑战和未来发展方向,为煤矸石资源化利用奠定了基础.
Abstract
Coal gangue,a byproduct of coal mining and processing,has long been regarded as solid waste.However,with the increasing severity of resource scarcity and environmental pollution issues,the efficient utilization and resource recovery of coal gangue have become urgent needs.This paper reviews the modification and resource utilization of coal gangue,fo-cusing on its introduction,pretreatment,modification methods,and the latest progress in resource utilization.Firstly,coal gangue is a porous granular material composed mainly of inorganic minerals,organic matter,and water.Due to its complex nature and diverse composition,the direct utilization of coal gangue is somewhat limited.Therefore,modifying coal gangue is a key step in achieving its resource utilization.Pretreatment before modification is a crucial step to ensure the effectiveness of coal gangue modification.This involves physical processes such as crushing,screening,magnetic separation,and washing of coal gangue to reduce particle size,achieve uniformity,enhance surface area and pore structure,thereby providing a solid foundation for subsequent modification.The modification methods of coal gangue mainly include chemical modification,biological modification,and composite modification.Chemical modification involves introducing functional groups or alter-ing its chemical structure through processes such as acid-base treatment,organic modification,thermal activation,etc.,thereby improving its adsorption performance,dispersibility,etc.Biological modification utilizes microorganisms,enzymes,and other biological systems to enhance the environmental friendliness and biocompatibility of coal gangue.Composite mod-ification combines the advantages of various modifications to make coal gangue-based materials meet requirements better.Significant progress has been made in the resource utilization of coal gangue.Modified coal gangue is extensively utilized in environmental management sectors like soil remediation and wastewater treatment,showcasing excellent adsorption capabili-ties and catalytic activity.Furthermore,modified coal gangue is utilized as raw material in sectors such as construction mate-rials,energy recovery,and fertilizer production,providing a new pathway for reducing mineral resource consumption and advancing circular economy development.
基金项目
鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项(2022EEDSKJZDZX014-1)
鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项(2022EEDSKJZDZX014-2)
江西省技术创新引导类计划项目(20212BDH81029)
稀土产业基金(IAGM2020DB06)
中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-CN-2021-3-3)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据