Overview of Advances in DNA Nanoflower Biomedical Research
DNA nanostructures show great potential for biomedical applications due to their programmability,autonomous design and good biocompatibility.DNA nanoflower(DNF),as a unique DNA-organic inorganic hybrid nanostructure,has attracted considerable attention within recent years.Its mineralized inorganic core not only helps to maintain the stability of DNA,but also provides an auxiliary mineralization function of metal ions.Among them,DNFs can efficiently load functional molecules such as drugs,fluorescent probes,enzymes,nucleic acid aptamers,and so on,by virtue of their high-density nu-cleic acid sequences and good loading capacity.In addition,the size of the nanoparticles can be adjusted by controlling the reaction conditions,which is suitable for high permeability and long retention effects in different physiological environments,and thus applied in many fields of biomedicine.In this paper,the synthesis and biomedical applications of DNF are reviewed.Firstly,the main synthesis methods of DNF,rolling circle amplification(RCA)as well as salt aging method,are firstly intro-duced in detail,and different reaction conditions including enzymes,reaction time,temperature,pH,etc.,the synthesis of DNF with different cationic metal cores or modification of DNF by different substances are highlighted for the functional as well as structural alteration of DNF,which can adapt the DNF to the applications in various scenarios.Secondly,the biomed-ical applications of DNF,including the latest research progress in bio-detection,bio-imaging and drug therapy,are demon-strated.Due to the unique physicochemical properties of DNF,including good biocompatibility,biodegradability,and struc-tural and functional diversities,DNF has become a kind of nucleic acid nanomaterials with great potentials for applications.Finally,the prospects for the application of DNF and the current challenges are summarized,and great hopes are placed on researchers to explore the understanding of the formation mechanism and function of DNF as well as the applied research of metal salt cores to effectively promote the development of DNF-based biomedicine.
DNA nanoflowerbio-detectionbio-imagingdrug therapy
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