Fresco Structure in Ali Smith's Ekphrastic Novel How to Be Both
Ali Smith's first attempt at an ekphrastic novel is her experimental work How to Be Both,in which the fresco art of Italian painter Francesco del Cossa runs through the entire story.On the surface,Smith explores themes such as the signifi-cance of art,ways of seeing art,and other artistic ideas by inventing the life story of Francesco,as well as the artistic creation and interpretation of art by contemporary characters George and her mother Carol.Beneath the surface,Smith delves into multi-ple themes such as feminism,homosexuality,and the absence of justice,issues she has long been concerned with.Smith inte-grates visual art into her narrative by creating what she calls a"fresco structure,"a unique ekphrastic approach that blends verbal representation with visual representation in a way that forms a distinctive and innovative novel.
Ali SmithEkphrasisVisual artsFresco structureSeeing
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