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低温环境下高透明聚氨酯胶粘剂制备与性能研究

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低温下胶粘剂的黏附力减弱,影响其与被粘物表面的结合力.因此研究了低温环境下高透明聚氨酯胶粘剂制备与性能.将聚酯多元醇作为重要原料,采用预聚体法将多种外加剂混合后制备高透明聚氨酯胶粘剂,分析低温环境之下稀释剂用量对聚氨酯黏度、压缩强度与剪切强度影响,测试低温时固化剂种类对于聚氨酯各项力学性能影响,以及低温时长、冻融循环对于聚氨酯拉伸强度影响.试验结果表明,稀释剂用量为20%时,低温环境中聚氨酯的黏度较高,压缩与剪切强度较稳定;选取复掺TDI+HDI固化剂后,聚氨酯在低温环境中的各项力学性能较高.低温处理6 h以后,聚氨酯保持稳定拉伸强度,耐低温性强,且经过70次冻融循环后,拉伸强度基本稳定,不会发生严重破坏.
Study on the Preparation and Properties of High Transparent Polyurethane Adhesive at Low Temperature
At low temperatures,the adhesive's adhesion is weakened,which affects its adhesion to the surface of the adherend.Therefore,the preparation and performance of high transparency polyurethane adhesive at low temperature are studied.The polyester polyols are used as important raw materials,a high transparency polyurethane adhesive is prepared by mixing multiple additives by the prepolymer method.The effect of diluent dosage on the viscosity,compressive strength and shear strength of polyurethane at low temperature is analyzed.The effect of curing agent type on the mechanical properties of polyurethane at low temperature is tested,as well as the effect of low temperature duration and freeze-thaw cycle on the ten-sile strength of polyurethane.The experimental results show that when the diluent dosage is 20%,the viscosity of polyurethane is higher and the com-pression and shear strength are more stable in low-temperature environments;After selecting TDI+HDI curing agent,the polyurethane exhibits high mechanical properties in low-temperature environments.After the low-temperature treatment for 6 h,the polyurethane maintains stable tensile strength and strong low-temperature resistance.After 70 freeze-thaw cycles,the tensile strength is basically stable and will not undergo serious damage.

low temperature environmenthigh transparencypolyurethaneadhesivecompressive strengthfreeze-thaw cycle

张坤、王传伟

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焦作技师学院化学工程系,河南焦作 454150

低温环境 高透明 聚氨酯 胶粘剂 压缩强度 冻融循环

2025

化学与粘合
黑龙江省化学学会 黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院

化学与粘合

影响因子:0.386
ISSN:1001-0017
年,卷(期):2025.47(1)