Diabetic nephropathy induced by heavy metal pollutants
Heavy metal pollution has intensified worldwide and poses an increasing threat to humanity.Metal ions enter the body and accumulate in vital body organs such as the liver,heart,kidneys and brain,disrupting their normal biological functions.Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a common kidney disease.In addition to genetics,the environmental factors have gradually become a major cause of promoting the development of DN.In recent years,the studies have shown that exposure to heavy metals increases the risk of DN.In this paper,the effects of ferrum,cadmium,lead and other heavy metal ions on diabetic nephropathy,oxidative stress and the mediating role of metallothionein in diabetic nephropathy induced by heavy metal ions,and the role of metallothionein's main metal zinc in delaying diabetic nephropathy through anti-oxidation are reviewed,providing theoretical basis and reference for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy in the future.
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