Research progress of hair follicle morphogenesis,periodic development and molecular regulation mechanism
Hair follicles are miniature,which undergo continuous repetitive growth and cycle regression,and play an important role in the process of skin regeneration.Hair follicles are involved in immune response to pathogens,thermoregulation,sebum production,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,and wound healing.There are roughly three stages in the growth cycle of hair follicles:anagen,catagen and telogen.In each cycle,hair follicles form new hair shafts,while old hair eventually falls out.Hair shafts are composed of terminally differentiated keratinocytes produced by hair follicles.The morphogenesis and morphological cycle of hair follicles are regulated by the interaction of Wnt,Shh,Notch,BMP and other signaling pathways between epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells.When these signaling molecules are abnormally expressed,the development and cycle of hair follicles will be changed,and result in the occurrence of diseases such as hair loss.Therefore,this article reviews the morphogenesis,periodic development,and molecular regulation mechanism of hair follicles,and provides new ideas for the future study of hair loss diseases and the formation of functional hair follicles.
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