The primary cause of plume generation in deep-sea mining is the disturbance of sediment caused by the movement of mining trucks and collection during the collection process by the mining vehicle and collection activities.Sediment disturbance leads to the formation of plume,suggesting that the physical properties of sediment may influence plume generation.Currently,research indicates that the resistance to disturbance of sediment is primarily determined by its strength,which necessitates an understanding of sediment structure.Due to the unique deep-sea,high-pressure,and saline environment where deep-sea sediments are located,sediments form a peculiar flocculent connection structure during settling,with interparticle cementation.The strength of cementation is encapsulated in the sediment's cohesive strength,suggesting that sediment cementation may influence sediment strength and thus plume triggering.However,deep-sea sediment compositions vary,with differences in water content and components,making quantitative analysis of sediment cementation challenging.Therefore,experimental investigation is needed to explore the variation in cementation strength of different substrates compositions and the triggering patterns of plume under different sediment components.Firstly,calcium carbonate content and water content are selected as variables,and various simulated substrates are chosen to investigate the variation in cementation with soil composition.Secondly,experiments are conducted using a single jet flow impact simulation substrate model to observe the relationship between plume triggering and soil composition.The results indicate that plume triggering under jet flow impact is related to the cementation of the impacted substrate.The cementation of simulated substrates decreases with increasing water content and shows a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing with increasing calcium carbonate content in the substrate.These findings provide a theoretical basis for controlling plume triggering during mining vehicle collection and optimizing hydraulic collection parameters.
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