我国典型养殖海域微塑料表面细菌群落结构特征研究
Characteristics of bacterial communities on microplastic surface in a typical mariculture bay
厉国梁 1朱静敏 1邓明月 2江坤亮 2赖俊元 2曲昱玮 3张超文3
作者信息
- 1. 浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山 316022;北部湾大学海洋学院广西北部湾海洋环境变化与灾害研究重点实验室,广西钦州 535011
- 2. 北部湾大学海洋学院广西北部湾海洋环境变化与灾害研究重点实验室,广西钦州 535011
- 3. 浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山 316022
- 折叠
摘要
本研究在我国南方海水养殖海湾——茅尾海开展了冬、夏两季的微塑料表面细菌群落结构特征分析.茅尾海海域微塑料颗粒表面细菌群落主要包括变形菌门(30.52%～74.98%)、拟杆菌门(10.14%～58.64%)和放线菌门(1.21%～5.16%)等;在属水平上检测到了具有致病风险的弧菌属(0.21%～3.26%)、假单胞菌属(0.02%～2.88%)、不动杆菌属(0.07%～0.95%)和链球菌属(0.09%～0.86%).微塑料表面附着的细菌种类与表层水体的重合率高于 75%,但是二者细菌群落结构差异显著.细菌群落多样性分析结果显示,微塑料表面细菌群落的物种丰富度低于海水环境中的细菌群落,中等盐度(11.2～21.4)海域微塑料表面细菌群落的物种丰富度显著高于其他盐度海域(6.5～8.2,26.7～29.6);夏季微塑料表面细菌群落物种丰富度与均匀度整体高于冬季.茅尾海不同盐度海域微塑料表面附着的细菌群落结构差异明显,并与周围海水中的细菌群落结构显著不同.养殖水体是微塑料表面附着菌群的重要来源,而温度和盐度是影响微塑料表面细菌群落结构特征的主要因素,微塑料表面细菌群落中存在潜在致病菌.
Abstract
This study examined how the bacterial communities on the surface of microplastics varied between winter and summer in Maowei sea,a typical subtropical bay heavily affected by high-density aquaculture in China.The main bacterial groups on the microplastic particles were Proteobacteria(30.52%～74.98%),Bacteroidetes(10.14%～58.64%),and Actinobacteria(1.21%～5.16%).Some pathogenic genera were detected on the microplastics,such as Vibrio(0.21%～3.26%),Pseudomonas(0.02%～2.88%),Acinetobacter(0.07%～0.95%),and Streptococcus(0.09%～0.86%).The bacterial species on the microplastics and in the seawater overlapped by more than 75%,but they differed in their community characteristics.The microplastics had lower bacterial species richness than the seawater.However,in areas with low salinity,the microplastics had significantly higher species richness than in other areas of higher salinity.The species richness and evenness of the bacterial communities on the microplastics were generally higher in summer than in winter.The results showed significant differences in the bacterial communities between microplastics and seawater and among different salinity regions in the Maowei sea.Water in aquaculture areas is a vital source for surface-attached bacterial communities on microplastics,where temperature and salinity are key factors shaping the structural characteristics.Notably,some pathogenic genera were detected on the microplastics.
关键词
海洋微塑料/细菌群落/病原微生物/养殖区Key words
marine microplastics/bacterial communities/pathogenic microorganisms/aquaculture area引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家青年科学基金项目(42106149)
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB20297018)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据