黄海及长江口4种新型农药分布特征与生态风险评估

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中文摘要：由于防治植物病虫害的高效性,农药被广泛地应用于农林业的各类生产活动中,由此也带来了一系列的环境问题.某些传统有机氯农药因其对人类以及生态系统的危害而被禁用,取而代之的新型低毒高效农药的种类和使用量不断增加.本文以黄海及长江口海域中 4种新型农药:氟乐灵(trifluralin)、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)和三氯杀螨醇(dicofol)为研究对象,于 2017年采集黄海及长江口海域表层海水和沉积物样品,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析了 4种新型农药的浓度水平和空间分布,并评估其潜在生态风险.结果表明,黄海及长江口海域频繁检出 4种新型农药,毒死蜱和三氯杀螨醇是检出的主要农药,水体(颗粒相与溶解相之和)和沉积物中总浓度范围分别为 37.56～418.1 pg/L和 215.2～2035 pg/g dw,表明三氯杀螨醇在被禁用之前在中国仍然具有较高的使用量.水体中 4种农药的高值区域主要位于北黄海近岸站位和长江口沿岸,整体呈现近岸高、远岸低的空间分布特征,这可能与沿海密切的农业活动排放有关;沉积物中 4种农药的高值区域主要位于泥质区.黄海海域 4种农药检出浓度普遍高于长江口海域.生态风险评价结果显示,4种农药中百菌清的风险水平高于其他几种,但整体对水生生物的生态风险比较低.

外文标题：Distribution characteristics and potential ecological risks of four emerging pesticides in the Yellow Sea and Yangtze River Estuary

外文摘要：Due to the high efficiency of pesticides in controlling plant diseases,they are widely used in various agriculture production activities,resulting in a series of environmental problems.Several traditional organochlorine pesticides have been banned due to hazard to ecosystems and human health,and the kinds and usage of emerging pesticides with low toxicity and high efficiency are constantly increasing.This study focuses on four emerging pesticides(trifluralin、chlorothalonil、chlorpyrifos and dicofol)in the Yellow Sea and Yangtze River Estuary.In 2017,surface seawater and sediment samples were collected from the Yellow Sea and Yangtze River Estuary.Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was used to analyze the concentration and spatial distribution of four emerging pesticides in the Yellow Sea and Yangtze River Estuary,and to evaluate their potential ecological risks.The results showed that four emerging pesticides were frequently detected in the Yellow Sea and Yangtze River Estuary,and chlorpyrifos and dicofol were the main pesticides detected.The total pesticides concentrations in water(particulate and dissolved phase)and sediment were 37.56-418.1 pg/L and 215.2-2035 pg/g dw,respectively,indicating that dicofol had a high consumption level in China before being banned.The high polluted areas of four pesticides in seawater are mainly located in North Yellow Sea offshore and Yangtze River Estuary.From nearshore to offshore,the concentration of four emerging pesticides in water showed a slightly decrease trend,which may be related to agricultural activity emissions along the coast.The high values of four emerging pesticides in sediment mostly concentrated in muddy areas.The concentrations of four emerging pesticides in the Yellow Sea were generally higher than that in the Yangtze River Estuary.The ecological risk assessment results showed that the risk level of chlorothalonil exceeded the others,and the overall ecological risk to aquatic organisms was low.

外文关键词：

emerging pesticidesYellow Sea and Yangtze River Estuaryspatial distributionecological risk

作者：

李亚楠、刘琳、何秋生、唐建辉

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作者单位：

太原科技大学环境与资源学院山西太原 030024

青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院山东青岛 266071

山西职业技术学院山西太原 030024

中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室山东烟台 264003

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关键词：

新型农药黄海及长江口空间分布生态风险

基金：

国家自然科学基金-山东省联合基金项目国家自然科学基金项目太原科技大学博士科研启动金项目来晋工作优秀博士奖励科研启动金项目山西省基础研究计划资助项目

项目编号：

U1806207423073282022207120232046202303021222173

出版年：

2024

海洋环境科学

国家海洋局海洋环境保护研究所国家海洋环境监测中心中国海洋科学学会

海洋环境科学

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.66

ISSN：1007-6336

年,卷(期)：2024.43(4)