Histological structure and cell distribution of the tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) kidney
Half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) is an important aquaculture species in China. Here, we illustrated the structure of the tongue sole kidney by observing paraffin sections and ultrathin sectioned samples by light and transmission electron microscopy. The tongue sole kidney was anatomically divided into the head and trunk kidneys. The head kidney was a biforked structure in front of the trunk kidney. The head kidney was located on top of the heart, close to the rear of the head. Some blood cells and many immune cells were found in the head kidney, such as lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. We inferred that the tongue sole head kidney played an important role in the immune response and hemopoiesis. The trunk kidney was located immediately behind where the two head kidney branches joined. The trunk kidney was stretched along the spine in the abdominal cavity and was composed of many glomerular secretory structures and renal units, indicating that it possesses an excretory function.