Experimental study on survival,growth,and reproduction of Tigriopus japonicus in Aureococcus anophagefferens-rich en-vironments
Aureococcus anophagefferens can cause brown tides and adversely affect numerous organisms,such as shellfish and zooplankton.To elucidate the influence of A.anophagefferens on zooplankton,this study used Ti-griopus japonicus to evaluate the effects of A.anophagefferens on T.japonicus feeding,survival,growth,and re-production.T.japonicus has several advantages,such as being easy to cultivate in the laboratory,short growth cycle,and sexual dimorphism;moreover,it is a marine model organism widely used to detect toxic pollutants.Herein,T.japonicus was used as the experimental organism,and Platymonas helgolandica was used as the control.The ex-periment used high-efficiency liquid chromatographic analysis methods and detected 19'-butyroxyfucoxanthin(But-fuco),a characteristic pigment of A.anophagefferens,in the internal pigment of T.japonicus,indicating that T.japonicus could ingest A.anophagefferens.When the algal biomass was 0.7 μg/mL and 7.2 μg/mL,the survival rate of nauplii to copepod and adults in A.anophagefferens-rich environmentswas higher than that in P.helgo-landica-rich environments;however,no significant difference was observed.Moreover,the development time of nauplii in A.anophagefferens-rich environments was lower than that in P.helgolandica-rich environments,and the number of eggs laid by females within 12 days was significantly higher in the former than those in the latter.Results revealed that T.japonicus could perform normal activities in A.anophagefferens-rich environments,reporting for the first time that zooplankton can normally feed,survive,develop,and reproduce in A.anophagefferens-rich envi-ronments.Therefore,when brown tides occur,more resistant organisms such as T.japonicus may become the dominant species considering the substantially adverse effects on other organisms such as shellfish larvae,which may affect the composition of the zooplankton community,ultimately affecting the entire marine ecosystem.Thus,this study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the impact of brown tide on ecosystems.
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