Selective Breeding of Fast-Growing and Ammonia Toxicity-Resistant Chinese Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis)
Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) is one of the most commonly farmed species in China since the 1970s. However, the pond survival and the total output of F. chinensis have been low because of the deteriorated pond environment and other factors. Ammonia, as undissociated for (NH3), is one of the most toxic substances produced during intensive shrimp farming and may reach concentrations high enough to seriously damage the health and growth of F. chinensis. To address this issue we collected wild samples of conserved “Huanghai No.1” from two geographical populations in the Haizhou bay and the Laizhou bay for the construction of fundamental stock in 2006. Mass selection was applied to obtain the characteristics of fast growth and high resistance to ammonia at concentrations between 3% and 5%. Five generations, namely “Huanghai No.3”, were selected successively and approved by China National Aquaculture Variety Approval Committee. “Huanghai No.3” displayed traits such as stress tolerance and fast growth. Under the same cultivation conditions, the survival rate of Post-larvaeⅠincreased by 21.2%, the survival rate increased by 15.2%, and the average body weight after harvest increased by 11.8%. The proportions of polymorphic loci were 42.28%, 40.64%, 40.32%, 39.95% and 38.05% in the five selective populations respectively, which implied the reduced genetic diversity. However, in later selected generations, there were fewer differences between populations and the genetic structure became more stable. Compared to “Huanghai No.1”, the average body weight and the survival rate of “Huanghai No.3”increased by 2.1% and 13.85% respectively. Compared to the wild seedings, the average body weight and the survival rate increased by 11.85% and 15.1% respectively. These results showed obvious improvement in the production. To the date, the pioneer scale to grow the new strain of “Huanghai No.3” has reached 400 hectares in the coastal areas of northern Jiangsu province since 2009.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
