论轻罪前科消灭制度的建构
On Construction of Elimination System of Misdemeanor Criminal Record
刘夏 1张贺1
作者信息
- 1. 河南大学 法学院,河南 开封 475001
- 折叠
摘要
当前,我国前科制度呈现出类型日益多样、适用主体广泛、存续时间较长的特征.伴随着轻罪时代的到来,既有轻罪前科制度不可避免地面临违反责任主义原则、比例原则以及罪责刑相适应原则的困境.基于此,我国刑法应当建立轻罪前科消灭制度:在立法模式上,应采取统一刑法典立法模式;在逻辑基础上,以轻罪人员的人身危险性为核心,调和防卫社会与促使犯罪人复归社会之间的紧张关系;在具体规则设计上,以面向全体犯罪人的犯罪记录封存制度为适用前提,并在域外立法经验与我国学界既有方案的基础上,从基本条件、范围、程序和法律后果四个方面建构轻罪前科消灭制度.此外,轻罪前科消灭制度还应兼顾如下配套措施:规范前科制度的立法层级,调整前科制度的具体内容,修改我国刑法的有关规定.
Abstract
At present,the criminal record system of China presents the characteristics of increasingly diverse types,extensive applica-tion subjects and long duration.At the same time,with the coming of the era of misdemeanor,the existing misdemeanor criminal record system inevitably faces the dilemma of violating the principle of responsibility,proportionality and the principle of adapting crime,re-sponsibility and punishment.Based on this,the criminal law of China should establish the system of eliminating misdemeanor criminal record:in the legislative mode,the legislative mode of the unified criminal code should be adopted,and on the basis of logic,it takes the personal danger of the misdemeanors as the core to reconcile the tension between defending the society and promoting the criminal to return to the society.In the design of the specific rules,the system of sealing criminal records for all criminals is the premise of appli-cation,and the system of eliminating misdemeanor criminal record itself should be constructed from the basic conditions,scope,proce-dure and legal consequences on the basis of the foreign legislative experience and the discussion of the existing programs in our aca-demic circles.In addition,the system of eliminating criminal record of misdemeanors should also take into account the following sup-porting measures:standardize the legislative level of criminal record system,adjusting the specific contents of the criminal record sys-tem,and to amend the relevant provisions of our criminal law.
关键词
轻罪/前科/犯罪记录封存/前科消灭Key words
misdemeanors/criminal record/sealing of criminal records/elimination of criminal record引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据