中国传统村落保护:实践困境与突破路径——基于贵州省57个国家级传统村落的调查分析
On Protection of Traditional Chinese Villages:Practical Predicament and Breakthrough Paths——Survey and Analysis of 57 National-Level Traditional Villages in Guizhou Province
王砂砂1
作者信息
- 1. 贵州人文科技学院 文化旅游与区域发展学院,贵州 贵阳 550025;贵州民族大学 社会学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
- 折叠
摘要
在文化遗产保护和乡村振兴战略引领下,各保护主体推动传统村落发展,虽面临系列挑战,但有益于保护传承、扩大脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴衔接,推动全面振兴.本文基于对贵州省9个市(州)、29个县(市、区)、57个中国(国家级)传统村落的实地调研,深度剖析并探讨了中国传统村落保护实践的困境和解决路径.研究发现,中国传统村落保护呈现多元主体共建的趋势,为传统村落保护实践赋予了强大的合力.然而,保护实践中仍面临诸多挑战,包括城乡发展不平衡导致的村落空心化、村民对现代住房需求与保护政策之间的冲突、旅游开发导致的景观同质化以及传统村落保护中的"多头管理"与"无人管"等问题.为推动中国传统村落实现可持续发展,各保护主体需要在现有的保护实践基础之上,明确多元主体的角色定位,重视村民的主体地位,培育村民的家园意识,激发村民的内生动力和自治能力.本研究对于西南民族地区乃至全国的中国传统村落保护提供了有益的参考和启示.
Abstract
Under the guidance of cultural heritage protection and rural revitalization strategies,various stakeholders have been driving the development of traditional villages.Despite facing a series of challenges,these efforts are beneficial for preserving cultural heritage,expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation,and enhancing rural revitalization.Based on field research in 57 traditional villages across 29 counties(cities,districts)in 9 cities(prefectures)of Guizhou Province,the article deeply analyzes and discusses the predica-ment and solutions in the practice of traditional village protection in China.The study finds that the protection of traditional villages in China shows a trend of joint development by multiple stakeholders,which provides strong collaborative force for the conservation prac-tices.However,there are still many challenges in the protection efforts,including the hollowing out of villages due to uneven urban-ru-ral development,conflicts between villagers'demand for modern housing and conservation policies,homogenization of landscapes due to tourism development,and issues of"multiple management"and"lack of management"in traditional village conservation.To pro-mote the sustainable development of traditional villages,all stakeholders need to clarify the roles of multiple stakeholders based on ex-isting conservation practices,emphasize the primary status of villagers,cultivate villagers'sense of belonging to their homelands,and inspire their intrinsic motivation and self-governance capabilities.This research will provide useful references and insights for the pro-tection of traditional villages in southwestern ethnic regions and even throughout the country.
关键词
中国传统村落/保护困境/路径突破/贵州省Key words
traditional Chinese villages/protection predicament/breakthrough paths/Guizhou Province引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金项目(19XMZ041)
贵阳人文科技学院科研基金重大项目(2021rwjs001)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据