种植措施和成熟叶采收对木姜叶柯产量和品质的影响
Effects of Planting Measures and Harvesting Mature Leaves on the Yield and Quality of Lithocarpus Litseifolius(Hance)Chun
邱小燕 1李胜华 1伍贤进1
作者信息
- 1. 怀化学院生物与食品工程学院,湖南 怀化 418000;民族药用植物资源研究与利用湖南省重点实验室,湖南 怀化 418000;湘西药用植物与民族植物学湖南省高校重点实验室,湖南 怀化 418000
- 折叠
摘要
以木姜叶柯(Lithocarpus litseifolius(Hance)Chun)为材料,以稻田、旱地、山地等三种选地条件为实验用地,研究管理方式、枝下茎长度、成熟叶采收量对木姜叶柯生长、产量和品质的影响,同时还比较了常规管理和生态管理种植园地土壤特性和生物多样性丰度的差异.结果表明,在标准作业下,选地种类对木姜叶柯的生长影响不明显,只是同类土壤中常规管理下冠幅和地径较生态管理略大,处理间嫩叶品质成分含量差异也不显著.生态管理可提高种植地有机质和速效钾含量,还可提高种植园地生物多样性丰度.枝下茎长度对品质成分含量影响不明显,对冠幅影响较大,长度短有利于冠幅增加和叶产量的提高,不修剪无限生长的高度最高,但冠幅最小,叶产量也最低.成熟叶采收对来年嫩叶和成熟叶的品质成分含量均没有明显影响,对来年嫩叶产量没有明显影响,对成熟叶产量提高则有促进作用.因此,木姜叶柯种植应采用短枝下茎造型,尽量选用荒坡地和废弃低效林地,采取生态管理模式,以保证采收品质,减少田间用工成本,增强生态效益,并对成熟叶进行采收和利用.
Abstract
Taking Lithocarpus litseifolius(Hance)Chun as material and using three selection conditions,including rice fields,dry land and mountainous areas,as experimental sites,the effects of management methods,stem length under branches,and mature leaf harvest on the growth,yield and quality of Lithocarpus litseifolius were studied.At the same time,the differences in soil characteristics and biodiversity abundance between conventional management and ecological management plantations were compared.The results showed that under standard operating conditions,the selection of land types had no significant effect on the growth of Lithocarpus litseifolius.However,the crown width and ground diameter under conventional management were slightly larger than those under ecological management in similar soils,and there was no significant difference in the content of tender leaf quality components between treatments.Ecological management can increase the organic matter and available potassium content in plantation sites,and can also increase the biodiversity abundance of plantation sites.The length of the stem under the branch has no obvious effect on the content of quality components,but has a greater effect on the crown width.Short length is conducive to the increase of the crown width and the improvement of leaf yield.The height of infinite growth without pruning is the highest,but the crown width is the smallest and leaf yield is the lowest.The collecting of mature leaves has no significant effect on the quality component content of tender leaves and mature leaves in the coming year,and has no significant effect on the yield of tender leaves in the coming year,but has a promoting effect on the increase of mature leaf yield.Therefore,for planting L.litseifolius,short branches and stems should be adopted,barren sloping land and abandoned inefficient forest land should be used as much as possible,and ecological management model should be adopted to ensure quality,reduce field labor costs,and enhance ecological benefits,and mature leaves should be harvested and utilized.
关键词
木姜叶柯/生态种植/短枝下茎/成熟叶采收/产量品质Key words
Lithocarpus litseifolius(Hance)Chun/ecological planting/understem of short branch/harvest of mature leaves/yield and quality引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据