EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON FEEDING RATE AND GILL CILIA OF MYTILUS CORUSCUS
Cilia are important cellular structures located on the gills of clams,responsible for sensing external physical and chemical signals and aiding in the transport of food.Changes in temperature can alter the morphology and physiological and biochemical characteristics of cilia,thereby affecting the feeding behavior of clams.This study aims to explore the variations in the feeding rate of hard clams under different temperatures,and the effects of temperature on the morphology of cilia,enzyme activity,and the expression of related genes.The experiment involved exposing hard clams to three different temperatures:16,26,and 32 ℃,for 24 hours.After treatment,the feeding rate of each group was measured within 1 hour.Histological methods were used to observe the morphological structure of cilia on the gills in each treatment group,and the antioxidant enzyme activity in gill tissue and the expression changes of cilia-related genes tekt1,tekt2,tekt3,tekt4,caf58,caf100,dnah,rsph9,and ift74 were measured.The results showed that the feeding rate of the 32 ℃ treatment group was significantly lower than the other two groups(P＜0.05).The cilia on the gills of clams treated at 32 ℃,including the frontal and lateral cilia and cilium cells,were severely damaged and partially shed,with exposed blood lacunar spaces,while the cilia morphology in the other two groups appeared relatively normal.The activities of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in gill tissues under different temperature treatments showed temperature specificity.Compared with the 16 ℃ treatment group,the expression of seven out of the nine cilia-related genes in the 26 ℃ group was significantly upregulated,except for tekt4 and dnah.In the 32 ℃ treatment group,the expression of eight out of the nine genes was significantly downregulated,except for tekt1(P＜0.05).These results suggest that high-temperature treatment at 32 ℃ causes severe damage to the cilia on the gills of clams,leading to inhibition of ciliary movement,regeneration,and sensory functions,thereby affecting the transport of food particles and resulting in a reduced feeding rate.
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