Study on smoke toxicity from the combustion of flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam
The smoke emission during the combustion of materials is influenced by multiple factors,such as the material composition and combustion environment.To investigate the effects of flame retardants and ventilation conditions on the smoke characteristics of flexible polyurethane foam(FPUF),an additive flame retardant(DOPO-DICY)was synthesized,and two typical commercial flame retardants,dimethyl methylphosphonate(DMMP)and melamine(MEL),were selected to prepare three kinds of FPUF composite materials.The flame retardant properties of the samples were compared by UL-94,limiting oxygen index testing,and cone calorimetry.Steady-state combustion tests were conducted under three conditions of lean,stoichiometric,and rich oxygen by adjusting the primary air intake using a steady-state tube furnace(SSTF).It was found that the addition of the three flame retardants increased the smoke emission of steady-state combustion,but DMMP-MEL and DOPO-DICY had the effect of inhibiting CO generation.It was also demonstrated that changes in ventilation conditions could affect the generation of CO and CO2 in FPUF.
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