侵害品种权法定赔偿数额的司法决策因素检视及因应
Review of Judicial Decision-Making Factors and Countermeasures of Statutory Damages for Infringement of Variety Rights
万志前 1俞秦峰 1张文斐1
作者信息
- 1. 华中农业大学文法学院/农业农村法治创新研究中心,湖北武汉 430070
- 折叠
摘要
品种创新是种业振兴的关键,识别侵害品种权法定赔偿的司法决策因素,以提高品种权司法保护水平,进而激励育种创新,实有必要.以2002-2023年侵害品种权适用法定赔偿的案例为样本,分析其时空特征,建立多元回归模型,探究法定赔偿数额的参考因素与影响因素.结果表明:侵害品种权法定赔偿适用"泛化"且判赔额较低,提高法定赔偿上限的立法举措效果甚微;法定赔偿参考因素缺乏量化标准,维权合理开支定位不清;锚定效应、审判经验等因素对司法决策影响显著.为提高品种权司法保护质效,建议采取如下措施:通过严格适用法定赔偿,消除举证责任障碍,降低证明标准,以克服法定赔偿"泛化"适用;通过确立赔偿数额计算标准和规则,另行计赔维权合理开支,以避免裁判的主观性;通过提高司法决策信息质量,提升法官素养,提供司法决策空间,以减少锚定效应,保证裁判的公平性.
Abstract
Variety innovation is the key to seed industry revitalization.It is necessary to identify ju-dicial decision-making factors of statutory damages in variety right infringement cases,in order to en-hance the level of judicial protection for variety rights,thereby stimulating breeding innovation.Using cases of statutory damages for infringement of variety right from 2002 to 2023 samples,this study ana-lyzes their spatiotemporal characteristics analysis,establishes a multiple regression model,to explore ref-erence factors and influence factors of statutory damages amount.The results show that the application of statutory damages for variety rights infringement is generalized and the awarded amount is relatively low.Legislative measures to raise upper limits of statutory damages have minimal effects.The reference factors of statutory damages lacks quantitative standard,and the position of reasonable litigation ex-penses is unclear.Factors such as anchoring effect and judicial experience have significant influence on ju-dicial decision-making.To improve the quality and effectiveness of judicial protection of variety rights,the following measures are recommended:overcoming the generalization of statutory damages by strict application of statutory damages to eliminate evidentiary barriers and lower proof standard;avoiding sub-jectivity in the judgment by establishing standards and rules for calculating compensation amounts and separating calculation of reasonable expenses;reducing anchoring effect and ensuring fairness in judg-ments by improving the quality of judicial decision-making information,enhancing the professionalism of judges,and providing judicial decision-making space.
关键词
种业振兴/侵害品种权/法定赔偿/泛化适用/锚定效应/司法决策Key words
seed industry revitalization/infringement of variety right/statutory damages/general-ized applying/anchoring effect/judicial decision-making引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据