农村幼儿园设立与儿童入园选择
Establishment of Rural Kindergarten and Children's Enrollment Choices
曹月明 1白云丽 2张林秀2
作者信息
- 1. 中央民族大学经济学院/中国兴边富民战略研究院,北京 100081
- 2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101;联合国环境署国际生态系统管理伙伴计划,北京 100101
- 折叠
摘要
基于中国农村发展调查2016年和2019年的面板数据,采用Probit、线性概率模型(LPM)和二值选择随机效应模型(xtprobit)实证分析村幼儿园的设立现状及其影响因素,并进一步探究村内幼儿园设立状况对适龄儿童入园地点选择的影响.研究结果表明:(1)2016-2019年,设立幼儿园的村庄占比保持在30%,但同期村内3～6周岁儿童上幼儿园的比例从86%提高到91%.(2)适龄儿童数量越多,村内设立幼儿园的可能性越大,且该正向相关关系在高中及以上劳动力占比高、距离乡镇近、较富裕、平原地区的村庄更明显.(3)村内设立幼儿园能显著促进本村适龄儿童在村内上幼儿园,有力缓解了农村学龄前儿童入园远、成本高的问题,但家长对本村幼儿园的服务质量并不满意.据此提出以下建议:实现农村适龄儿童"幼有所育"需要根据适龄儿童数量因地制宜创新学前教育服务模式,尤其要加强对教育相对落后、偏远西部山区农村幼儿园的政策倾斜力度,并进一步加强家校合作,提升农村幼儿园质量,为我国经济社会可持续发展奠定人力资本基础.
Abstract
Based on the panel data of China Rural Development Survey in 2016 and 2019,this pa-per analyzes the establishment of rural kindergartens and its determinants using Probit,linear probability model(LPM)and binary selection random effects model(xtprobit),and further explores the effect of the establishment of rural kindergartens on the preschoolers'choices of enrollment locations.The results are as follows:1)From 2016 to 2019,the proportion of villages with kindergartens remained at 30%,but the proportion of children aged 3～6 attending kindergartens increased from 86%to 91%during the same period.2)The greater the number of preschoolers,the higher the likelihood of establishing kinder-gartens within the villages and this positive correlation is morepronounced in villages with a higher per-centage of labor force with high school education or above,closer proximity to towns,relatively afflu-ent,and located in plain areas.3)The establishment of kindergartens in the village can significantly pro-mote the preschoolers within village to attend the kindergartens located in village,which effectively alle-viates the problems of long distance and high cost for rural preschool children to enroll in kindergartens.However,parents are not satisfied with the service quality of kindergartens located in village.These find-ings imply that it is necessary to innovate the service model of preschool education according to the num-ber of preschoolers,with particular emphasis on providing policy support to educationally disadvantaged and remote rural kindergartens in the western mountainous regions.Additionally,the cooperation be-tween family and school should be strengthened to improve the quality of rural kindergartens and lay the human capital foundation for sustainable economic and social development in China.
关键词
学前教育/农村幼儿园/学龄前儿童/入园选择/入园成本Key words
preschool education/rural kindergarten/preschooler/enrollment choices of kindergar-ten/kindergarten enrollment costs引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(71925009)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72373140)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据