Study on Improving the Thermal Decomposition,Safety and Anti-moisture Absorption Properties of Ultrafine Ammonium Perchlorate Based on Hydrophobic Bionics
Study on Improving the Thermal Decomposition,Safety and Anti-moisture Absorption Properties of Ultrafine Ammonium Perchlorate Based on Hydrophobic Bionics
In order to prepare a solid propellant that combines high burning rate and high safety performance,the ultrafine am-monium perchlorate@zinc stearate(UF-AP@ZnSA)composite with core-shell structure were prepared by liquid phase deposi-tion with the porpuse of improving the properties of ammonium perchlorate(AP).The morphology,structure and thermal de-composition properties of the samples were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC),and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and the related parameters of impact sensitivity,friction sensitivity,moisture absorbency rate,and the contact angle were measured.Thermal decomposi-tion mechanism of UF-AP catalyzed by zinc stearate(ZnSA)was analyzed and explained by using thermal analysis-infrared cou-pling technique.The results showed that the ZnSA shell layer were generated on the surface of UF-AP;the high-temperature decomposition peak of UF-AP in the composite with different shell layer contents decreased from 424.3℃ to 370-385℃,and the exothermic intervals were more concentrated and the exothermic heat amount was larger in comparison with that of raw UF-AP;The characteristic drop height(H50)of UF-AP@ZnSA composite was increased by 27.6cm compared to the raw material,and the explosion probability of the friction sensitivity was reduced by 76%,and the safety performance was greatly improved.The moisture absorption rate of the UF-AP@ZnSA composite with a shell layer mass fraction of 5% for 72h was 0.05%,which was 90% lower than that of the raw material UF-AP,and the anti-hygroscopicity performance was significantly improved.
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