Based on cations of diazo group,imino group and nitrogen-rich azole,the synthetic strategies and properties of az-ole,bis-azoles and fused heterocycle-based zwitterionic energetic materials were reviewed in recent ten years,and the influ-ence of molecular structures on their energetic performance and stability was clarified.Meanwhile,the future directions on the zwitterionic energetic materials based on nitrogen-rich azoles were pointed out:(1)Diazonium zwitterionic energetic materi-als outperform DDNP in detonation performance,warranting deeper research into heat-resistant explosives,harnessing alkyl-bridged,fused-ring nitrogen-rich azoles.(2)The imino-gem-dinitromethyl zwitterionic energetic materials can alleviate the sensitivity of diazonium salts,but their thermal stability still requires further optimization.(3)The modifiable structure of nitro-gen-rich azole cation energetic salts and explosive groups,and synergies with ionic salts,cocrystals should be fully explored,which could effectively expand their applications in high-energy insensitive explosives,high-energy propellants,green gas gen-erators,and heat-resistant energetic materials.
关键词
有机化学/含能内盐/富氮唑/高能量密度材料/DDNP/气体发生剂
Key words
organic chemistry/zwitterionic explosives/nitrogen-rich azoles/high energy density material/DDNP/gas generator
维普
万方数据