TOPOGRAPHICAL AND NATURAL FACTORS IN URBAN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY NANJING
With the natural landscape of the"crouching tiger and coiling dragon",the unique topographical features of Nanjing have become a classical example of combining nature and culture in traditional Chinese architectural prac-tices.The building boom of the"Ten Golden Years"(1927-1937)in modern Nanjing was also reflected in the active embracing of natural landscape in all three dimensions of urban planning,group layout and single buildings.Based on the respect for traditional Chinese culture and ideas,industrial and modern functions of the city were embedded into the traditional urban texture,and the landscape feature of Nanjing,combining mountains,rivers,the city and forests were inherited and emphasized.This article explores repre-sentational cases of urban planning and architectural design in the early 20th century Nanjing,reveals their different methods of blending design into nature,and summarizes the reasons and roles behind the formation of this unique topographically influenced urban layout.
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