Epidemiology of hepatitis B in Fenghua district,Ningbo,Zhejiang,1992-2022
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Fenghua district of Ningbo,Zhejiang province,from 1992 to 2022.Methods The incidence data of hepatitis B reported in Fenghua from 1992 to 2004 were collected through the local annual report of infectious diseases and the incidence data of hepatitis B reported in Fenghua from 2005 to 2022 were collected through China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Due to the adjustment of immunization strategies,descriptive epidemiological analyses on the incidence of hepatitis B in Fenghua during 1992-2001,2002-2011 and 2012-2022 were carried out.Results From 1992 to 2022,a total of 7 950 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Fenghua,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 51.04/100 000.Since 2010,no unclassified hepatitis B cases have been reported in Fenghua,in the reported cases,chronic hepatitis B cases accounted for 93.90％.The average annual incidence rates of hepatitis B in Fenghua during the three periods were 54.57/100 000,46.51/100 000 and 52.04/100 000,respectively.The incidence rate showed downward trends in age groups 0-14 years and 15-29 years(Trend x2=10.040,P=0.002;Trend x2=19.960,P＜0.001),while showed an upward trend in age group ≥60 years(Trend x2=16.440,P＜0.001).From 1992 to 2022,the average annual reported incidence rate of hepatitis B was significantly higher in men(73.35/100 000)than in women(27.92/100 000)(x2=51.000,P＜0.001).From 1992 to 2022,the average annual percentage change(AAPC)of standardized incidence rate of hepatitis B in age group 0-14 years was-10.92％(95％CI:-13.35％--8.43％,P＜0.001),and the average percentage change(APC)of standardized incidence rate of hepatitis B in age group 15-29 years was-4.13％(95％CI:-5.57％--2.66％,P＜0.001).The overall coverage rate ofhepatitis B vaccine was 99.20％from 1992 to 2022.Conclusion The reported incidence of hepatitis B was at a relatively high level in Fenghua from 1992 to 2022.From 2010 to 2020,the incidence of acute hepatitis B showed a downward trend,the majority of the hepatitis B cases were chronic ones.The reported incidence of hepatitis B dropped significantly in the population born after the implementation of the hepatitis B immunization strategy.It is necessary to maintain a high hepatitis B vaccination coverage rate and strengthen the prevention and control of hepatitis B in adults.
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