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基于机器视觉的轴承缺陷检测研究进展

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机器视觉是一种用机器替代人眼进行测量和检测的技术,这种技术应用于缺陷检测具有效率高、速度快、成本低等优点,许多学者将其应用在不同领域(农业、航空航天等),并取得了较好的成果,目前轴承领域也逐渐采用该检测方法.因此,需对应用于不同轴承缺陷及机器学习、深度学习下的轴承缺陷检测算法进行综述,并对其缺陷检测算法的性能进行分析归纳及对比.首先,探讨分析了轴承缺陷形成的磨损机理,并详细介绍了轴承常见磨损形式(腐蚀磨损、疲劳磨损、黏着磨损、滚道磨损等);然后,分别介绍了基于机器学习和深度学习的检测算法的区别及特点;其次,列举了机器学习的算法及深度学习的算法用于轴承缺陷检测的研究应用与分析,主要包括机器学习的人工神经网络、主成分分析、支持向量机等,及深度学习的单阶段和双阶段目标检测算法的应用;最后,为了促进深度学习算法用于轴承缺陷的诊断,针对具体问题提出了轴承缺陷检测的挑战和未来研究方向并给出了详细的建议,对机器视觉在轴承缺陷检测中的研究现状提出了总结与展望.
Research progress of bearing defect detection based on machine vision
Machine vision is a technology that uses machines to replace human eyes for measurement and inspection.This technology has the advantages of high efficiency,fast speed,and low cost when used in defect detection.Many scholars applied it in different fields(agriculture,aerospace,etc.)for defect detection and got better results.At present,it was also gradually adopted in bearing defect detection.Therefore,the bearing defect detection algorithms applied in different bearing defects,machine learning,and deep learning were reviewed,and the performance of defect detection algorithms was analyzed,summarized and compared.Firstly,the wear mechanism caused by bearing defects was discussed and analyzed,and the common wear forms of bearings(corrosion wear,fatigue wear,adhesive wear,raceway wear,etc.)were introduced in detail.Secondly,the differences and characteristics of detection algorithms based on machine learning and deep learning were respectively introduced.Then,the research,application and analysis of machine learning algorithms and deep learning algorithms for bearing defect detection were listed,which mainly included artificial neural networks(ANN),principal component analysis(PCA),support vector machines(SVM),etc.of machine learning and the application of single stage and two stage target detection algorithms of deep learning.Finally,in order to promote the use of deep learning algorithms for the diagnosis of bearing defects,the challenges and future research directions of bearing defect detection were presented and detailed suggestions were given for specific problems,and the current research status of machine vision in bearing defect detection was summarized and outlooked.

machine visiondefect detectionobject detectionbearingresearch statusartificial neural networks(ANN)principal component analysis(PCA)support vector machines(SVM)

郭渊、周俊

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上海应用技术大学 机械工程学院,上海 201418

机器视觉 缺陷检测 目标检测 轴承 研究现状 人工神经网络 主成分分析 支持向量机

国家自然科学基金上海市科委青年科技英才"扬帆计划"项目上海市晨光计划

5220126821YF144660020CG66

2024

机电工程
浙江大学 浙江省机电集团有限公司

机电工程

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.785
ISSN:1001-4551
年,卷(期):2024.41(5)
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