南极冰间湖浮游植物生物量和生物生产力时空特征及影响因素研究进展

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国家科技期刊平台
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中文摘要：南极冰间湖在气候变化中和生态系统环境中扮演着重要角色。本文通过回顾南极罗斯海、阿蒙森海、松岛和默茨等 4 个冰间湖浮游植物生物量和生产力的时空分布特征和变化规律、物理环境参数和气候模态对冰间湖中叶绿素 a 和浮游植物水华开始及持续时间的影响，得出以下几点结论:(1)罗斯海冰间湖是南极近海生物生产力最高的区域，占南大洋总生产力的 28%;阿蒙森海和松岛冰间湖在 37 个南极冰间湖生态系统中单位面积的生产力最高;默茨冰间湖浮游植物生物量年际变化明显。(2)海冰密集度、风速和云量等物理参数与浮游植物生物量变化密切相关，其相关关系的季节性和地域特征明显。海冰密集度主要通过改变冰间湖开放水域的面积来影响可到达海表的光合有效辐射;风速通过影响水体的垂直混合强度来改变营养盐及浮游植物的垂向输运;云量对冰间湖生态系统的影响是可见光强度及紫外线辐射量之间平衡的结果。(3)在部分冰间湖，浮游植物生物量的年际变化同调控南半球高纬度气候的主要模态，如南半球环状模和半年振荡等存在显著相关性。未来工作可结合长期卫星遥感观测、现场观测和数值模拟，进一步开展气候模态对冰间湖浮游植物生物量年际变化的物理-生态耦合机制、冰间湖生态系统生产力各个尺度变异规律和机制等的深入探究，从而更好地认知极地关键海区的生物地球化学循环过程及其气候效应。

外文标题：Review of the spatial-temporal features of phytoplankton biomass and bio-logical productivity in Antarctic polynyas and influencing factors

外文摘要：Polynyas play an important role in climate change and ecosystem environment.This paper reviews the spatial-temporal features and variations of phytoplankton biomass and productivity in four Antarctic polyn-yas,the Ross Sea,Amundsen Sea,Pine Island,and Mertz polynyas as well as the effects of physical pa-rameters and climate modes on chlorophyll-a and the onset and duration of phytoplankton blooms in the polynyas.The conclusion of the paper are as follows:(1)the Ross Sea polynya is the area with the highest biological productivity in Antarctic marginal seas,accounting for 28%of the total productivity of the Southern Ocean;the Amundsen Sea and Pine Island polynyas have the highest productivity per unit area among 37 Antarctic polynyas ecosystems;there are obvious interannual variations of phytoplankton biomass in the Mertz polynya.(2)Sea ice concentration,wind speed,cloud cover,and other physical parameters are closely related to phytoplankton biomass,with obvious seasonal and regional characteristics.Sea ice con-centration affects the photosynthetically available radiation reaching the sea surface by changing the amount of open water in polynyas;wind speed affects the vertical mixing intensity and changes the vertical distribu-tions of nutrients and phytoplankton;the influence of cloud cover on polynya ecosystems is the result of the balance between the intensities of visible light and ultraviolet radiation.In some polynyas,there is a sig-nificant correlation between the interannual variation of phytoplankton biomass and the climate modes(such as the Southern Annular Mode and Semiannual Oscillation).regulating the climate variability at high lati-tudes in the southern hemisphere.In the future,long-term satellite remote sensing observations,in-situ ob-servations and numerical simulations can be combined to explore the physical-ecological coupling mecha-nism between the climate modes and phytoplankton biomass,and advance the understanding of the varia-tions and mechanisms of ecosystem productivity in polynyas with the goal of improving understanding of the biogeochemical cycling in key polar regions and its role in modulating the climate system.

外文关键词：

Antarctic polynyasphytoplankton biomassspatial-temporal patternsenvironmental variablesclimate modes

作者：

江宁、张召儒

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作者单位：

上海交通大学海洋学院,上海 200240

自然资源部极地科学重点实验室,中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所),上海 200136

关键词：

南极冰间湖浮游植物生物量时空特征环境变量气候模态

基金：

国家重点研发计划课题国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金上海科学技术委员会上海科学技术委员会&&国家重点研发计划上海交通大学基础研究特区计划上海极地前沿科学研究基地(SCOPS)资助

项目编号：

2022YFC280760141941008418762212023071110021QA1404300IRSCC1-02-01B2019YFC150910221TQ1400201

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.13679/j.jdyj.20220440

极地研究

国家海洋局极地考察办公室中国极地研究中心

极地研究

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.638

ISSN：1007-7073

年,卷(期)：2024.36(2)

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