Objective To translate the Bolton Pain Assessment Tool into Chinese and test its reliability and validity for patients with cognitive impairment.Methods After translation,cultural adaptation and pre-test,the Chinese version of Bolton Pain Assessment Tool was formed.The convenience sampling meth-od was used to select a total of 49 patients with cognitive impairment admitted to the Department of Neu-rosurgery and Neurology of a tertiary A hospital in Zhenjiang City from September to December 2023 for formal investigation.The reliability and validity were tested.Results The Chinese version of Bolton Pain Assessment Tool contained 6 items,including vocal/verbal and facial expressions,and 2 additional items,including caregiver's opinions and patients'pain during physical therapy.The content validity of the scale was 0.920.The total score of the scale was positively correlated with the total score of Wong-Baker(r=0.787).The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.717 and the inter-rater reliability was 0.940.Conclusions The Chinese version of Bolton Pain Assessment Tool has good reliability and validity,and can provide a refer-ence tool for pain assessment of patients with cognitive impairment in clinical diagnosis and treatment.