Ekphrasisand Female Gaze:The Construction of Female Subjectivity in Villette
Ekphrasis,as the study of the relationship between the visual arts and literary texts,as well as images and languages,has drawn a critical attention in Western interdisciplinary studies in recent years.In Charlotte Brontë's Villette,ekphrasis has been widely used.Based on Laura Mulvey's Male Gaze theory and John Berger's Ways of Seeing,this study focuses on the visual arts in this novel to explore how the female protagonist Lucy Snowe dispels the male gaze through her subjective visual experience and art criticism.Charlotte Bronte,through Lucy Snowe's appreciation for Dutch painting and her critiques on female portraits and their metaphors,unravels the awakening of the female visual subjectivity.Therefore,she opens up the discussion of the relationships between subject and object,as well as self and other,reflecting upon the construction of female subjectivity and self-identification in her realist writings.
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