Mao Dun,a prominent figure in the 20th-century Chinese literary translation history,exhibits a distinctive set of translation purposes in his work.This study delves into Mao Dun's literary translation endeavors by combining his practical translations and reflections on the art.It systematically outlines Mao Dun's three primary translation purposes,namely,political intent,poetic expression,and economic considerations.Furthermore,it explores the intricate interplay between Mao Dun's translation purposes and its influence on his translation selection as well.This paper argues that a thorough examination of Mao Dun's translation purposes not only sheds light on his motivation for engaging in literary translation but also deepens our understanding of the underlying principles of his translation thought.