摘要
目的 研究团体授课、小组访谈、个别咨询和骨干培训相结合的心理干预模式对部队官兵心理健康的维护作用,为建立有效的心理干预模式提供科学依据.方法 选取某部官兵1096名,以团为单位进行半年1次的团体授课,以班、排为单位进行小组心理访谈,同时进行面对面心理咨询、电话咨询和网络咨询及骨干培训,于干预前和干预2年后进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)测评.结果 与干预前比较,干预后全体官兵SCL-90除躯体化、强迫性、敌对因子外,其余各项分值均显著降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),其中士官、高中和初中学历官兵、非独生子官兵的SCL-90总分及多项因子分在干预后均显著下降(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)；义务兵、非婚官兵的SCL-90少数因子分或总分也显著下降；而干部、大专以上学历官兵、独生子官兵及已婚官兵干预前后的总分和因子分差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).干预后有些SCL-90项目测试异常(总分＞160分、躯体化＞2分、焦虑＞2分和3分)的百分率均显著下降.结论 本研究采取的心理干预对维护部队官兵心理健康有明显的促进作用;有效的心理干预模式应根据不同职别、学历、是否独生子和婚姻状况等实际情况制定针对性方案.
Abstract
Objective To observe the effect of mental intervention on maintaining mental health in armymen,in order to provide the basis for establishing an effective intervention mode to maintain their mental health.Methods A total of 1096 armymen in an army were investigated.Organized psychological lessons;subgroup mental interview;face to face consultation,consultation by phone or network; and key member training were given to them once half a year for 2 years.SCL-90 questionnaire was used to test them before and after 2 years.Results After mental intervention,the total score and factorial scores of SCL-90 except somatization,obsessive,compulsive hostility in all armymen were significantly lower than those before the intervention(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Among the armymen,the SCL-90 total score and several factorial scores in non-commissioned officers,senior and junior middle school educated soldiers,non-only child soldiers were significantly lower than those before the intervention(P＜0.05,P＜0.01) ;a few SCL-90 factorial scores or total score in compulsory servicemen,and unmarried soldiers were also significantly lower than those before the intervention.The SCL-90 total score and all factorial scores in cadres,college educated soldiers,only child soldiers,and married soldiers were not significantly different from those before the i ntervention(P＞0.05).The percentages of some abnormal SCL-90 items (total score＞ 160,somatization score＞ 2,anxiety score＞2 and ＞3) were significantly decreased after the intervention.Conclusion The mental intervention could improve the mental health of armymen.However,the program of an effective mental intervention mode should be aimed at different official rank,educational level,and family circumstance.
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NSTL
维普
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