提出了一种基于超弱光纤光栅阵列的长距离传感系统。基于超弱光纤光栅的离散分布和高信噪比特点，采用分段采集的方法降低系统对数据缓存和计算能力的要求，利用ZYNQ(ZYNQ-7035 All Programmable SoC)嵌入式底层硬件实现对选定空间上10 km传感段的解调。采用OptiSystem软件仿真分析系统的功率预算，精准设计入纤脉冲光功率以及拉曼光纤放大器的配置，结合电路的动态分段增益，实现长距离传感系统中的功率均衡，并搭建实验系统予以验证。结果表明:系统工作距离可以达到50 km，传感信号的强度波动小于2。2dB，空间分辨率为1。5m，解调速度为0。3 Hz，远端的解调精度稳定在6 pm以内，温度测量精度为±0。15 ℃，应变测量精度为±5。5με。系统整体性能优于传统的分布式布里渊传感系统，且具有良好的可扩展性，在长距离光纤温度、应变感测上具有明显的技术优势。
Long-Distance Sensing System Based on Ultra-Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array
This paper proposes a long-distance sensing system using ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating arrays.By taking advantages of the discrete distribution and high signal-to-noise ratio of ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings,this system employs a segmented acquisition method to decrease the requirements for data caching and computing capabilities.For spatial demodulation of the 10 km sensing section,ZYNQ(ZYNQ-7035 All Programmable SoC)embedded hardware is used.To design the input pulse power and Raman fiber amplifier configuration with power balance and dynamic segmented gain control,the OptiSystem software is employed to simulate and analyze the power budget of the system.An experimental system is constructed and validated,showing that the system's operating range can reach 50 km,the fluctuation of sensing signal intensity is less than 2.2 dB,the spatial resolution is 1.5 m,the demodulation speed is 0.3 Hz,the remote demodulation accuracy is within 6 pm,and the measurement accuracy for temperature and strain is ±0.15 ℃ and±5.5 με,respectively.The overall system performance outperforms traditional Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer and exhibits good scalability while demonstrating significant technical advantages in long-distance fiber temperature and strain sensing.
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