摘要
目的:研究新型冷冻笔制作不同程度皮肤冻伤动物模型的可行性.方法:无特定病原体(specific pathogen free,SPF)级大鼠 10 只,分别标记A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J.将冷冻笔从-60℃低温冰箱取出后紧贴大鼠尾巴近根部皮肤.A、B、C、D大鼠分别以-50℃、-30℃、-50℃、-30℃为起始温度,A、B大鼠每个部位冷冻 2 次,共 6 次,每次 40 s,C、D大鼠每个部位冷冻 2 次,共 6 次,每次 25 s,造成皮肤局部冻伤,24 小时后处死大鼠,取冻伤皮肤组织作病理观察.E、G、I大鼠以-50℃为起始温度,F、H、J大鼠以-30℃为起始温度,均冷冻 40s间隔 20 s,重复 3 次.在冷冻后 24h处死E、F大鼠,48 h处死G、H大鼠,120 h处死I、J大鼠,取冻伤皮肤组织作病理观察.结果:冷冻起始温度越低,作用时间越长,频次越多,冻伤程度越严重.冻伤后 24h组织细胞变性、水肿较明显,炎症反应较轻.冻伤后48 h、120 h炎症反应较严重,大量淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞浸润.冻伤后 120 h组织细胞变性、水肿减轻,冻伤开始逐步修复.结论:新型冷冻笔通过控制冷冻起始温度、作用时间、作用面积、作用频次,可制作各种冻伤程度的冻伤动物模型,为研究冻伤机制和冷冻治疗提供合适的工具.
Abstract
Objective:To study the feasibility of making different degrees of skin frostbite model with a novel freezer pen.Methods:Ten rats with specific pathogen free were labeled A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,respectively.The novel freezer pen was taken out from the-60℃freezer and pressed close to the skin near the root of the rat tail.Rats A,B,C and D were frozen at-50℃,-30℃,-50℃,and-30℃ separately.Rats A and B were frozen twice in each part for 6 times,40 seconds each time;rats C and D were frozen twice in each part for 6 times,25 seconds each time,resulting in local skin frostbite.The rats were killed 24 hours later,and the frostbitten skin tissues were taken for pathological observation.E,G,I rats were frozen at-50℃,and F,H,and J rats were frozen at-30℃ at the starting temperature,all of which were frozen for 40 seconds at an interval of 20 seconds,and repeated 3 times.Rats E and F were killed 24 hours after freezing,rats G and H were killed 48 hours after freezing,and rats I and J were killed 120 hours after freezing.The skin tissue of frostbite was taken for pathological observation.Results:The lower the initial freezing temperature,the longer the duration and fre-quency of freezing,the more serious the degree of frostbite.After frostbite for 24 h,the tissue cell degeneration and edema were obvious,and the inflammatory reaction was light.After frostbite for 48 h and 120 h,the inflammatory reaction was se-rious,and a large number of lymphocytes and neutrophils were infiltrated.After frostbite for 120 h,histiocytic degeneration and edema were relieved.The frostbite began to heal gradually.Conclusion:By manipulating the initial freezing temperature,duration of acting,area of application and frequency of application,the novel freezer pen is capable of make different de-grees of skin frostbite animal models,which provides a suitable tool for studying the mechanism of frostbite and cryotherapy.
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