Given the imperative shift towards achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality objectives,the pivotal role of wind and solar renewable energy generation in energy development becomes evident."Green hydrogen",with its ability for long-term storage and zero-carbon attributes,is anticipated to play a foundational role alongside electricity in the future energy system.This integration is crucial for addressing challenges associated with the incorporation of wind and solar power into the energy matrix.However,the development of"green hydrogen"is facing challenges particularly in terms of safety and economic feasibility throughout various stages of production,stor-age,and transportation.These challenges are primarily attributed to the intrinsic properties of hydrogen and material limitations induced by hydrogen embrittlement.Addressing the economic challenges related to both"green electricity"and"green hydrogen"within the context of dual carbon goals,the approach of"electrically producing green ammonia"is deemed essential.Recent studies have studied multiple solutions based on the well-established"Haber-Bosch"ammonia process to mitigate uncertainties associated with wind and solar re-sources.In this paper,a renewable power to ammonia multistable-flexible process(RePtAmMuFlP)was proposed to tackle the design,equipment,and operational challenges associated with the intricate coupling of"source-grid-hydrogen-ammonia"technical characteris-tics.This research explored the systemic technical architecture of RePtAmMuFlP.In addition,an optimization model was developed to ad-just the economic operating loads and periods,while a digital simulation model was also constructed to integrate renewable power,hydro-gen,and ammonia,considering factors like power constraints,renewable power fluctuations,hydrogen-ammonia demand,system operat-ing efficiency,and equipment reliability.This integrated model facilitates the coordinated optimization of"renewable power to green am-monia"operations in different scenarios,offering a dynamic design approach for industrial systems.Furthermore,the macroscopic kinet-ic models of catalysts under complex operating conditions were investigated,which led to improvements in catalyst structural performance,internal structure of synthesis towers,and the integration of power-hydrogen-ammonia with collaborative scheduling and intelligent control technologies.This RePtAmMuFlP has achieved economic operation loads ranging from 30％to 110％,with a load adjustment rate of 0.5％to 1.0％per minute.It also supports adjustments in daily,shift,and intra-shift loads,with the overall energy consumption per unit of am-monia surpassing the benchmark value set by GB 21344-2015 Energy consumption limit of unit product of ammonia.
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