With the growth of the global economy,the demand for energy is continuously increasing,which in turn has driven the develop-ment and utilization of energy resources.This trend has inevitably led to a steady rise in carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions.To effectively address this environmental challenge,the technology of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction(CO2RR)has emerged and quickly become a focal point in scientific research.This technology not only has the potential to convert CO2 into fuels and chemicals but also contributes to the storage of renewable energy.Among various catalysts,copper-based catalysts have attracted attention for their ability to efficiently convert CO2 directly into high-value multi-carbon chemicals,such as ethylene and ethanol.In recent years,there have been significant advance-ments in the optimization and design of copper-based CO2RR catalysts,primarily focusing on enhancing catalytic activity,selectivity,and stability.An overview of the recent progress in the research on optimization strategies for copper-based CO2 RR catalysts was provided.Representative strategies were discussed such as crystal facet engineering,alloying treatments,modulation of copper oxidation states,cata-lyst surface functionalization,and defect engineering,examining how these approaches influence catalytic performance by tuning core pa-rameters like composition,microstructure,morphology,and size,which collectively exerted a synergistic effect on the catalyst perform-ance.Finally,the future prospects of electrocatalytic CO2RR technology was look forward and the current challenges faced was analyzed.
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