首页|低碳转型会加剧技能溢价吗?——来自低碳城市试点政策的经验证据

低碳转型会加剧技能溢价吗?——来自低碳城市试点政策的经验证据

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  • NETL
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"双碳"背景下,绿色低碳转型将持续推动经济社会系统性变革,劳动力工资差距也将在变革中不断发生深刻变化.本文基于2007-2020年284个地级市的面板数据测算了能够刻画城市工资差距的技能溢价变量,并以低碳城市试点政策作为准自然实验,通过渐进双重差分模型实证检验了试点政策对城市技能溢价的影响.研究发现,低碳城市试点政策会显著降低技能溢价,这一结论在进行处理效应异质性、平行趋势、安慰剂等检验后仍成立.机制分析表明,试点政策通过需求侧的技能偏向型技术进步机制加剧了技能溢价,供给侧的劳动力技能结构升级机制则对技能溢价表现为抑制作用.进一步研究发现,试点政策对技能溢价的影响在不同区域、不同资源禀赋、不同工业基础及高低劳动力技能的城市中存在显著差异.本文的研究为低碳转型进程中缩小收入差距、实现共同富裕提供了有益的经验启示.
Will Low-carbon Transition Exacerbate the Skill Premium?Empirical Evidence from Low-carbon City Pilot Policy
Under the"dual carbon"background,the green and low-carbon transformation will continue to promote the systematic reform of the economy and society,and the labor wage gap will continue to undergo profound changes in the reform.Based on the panel data of 284 prefecture-level cities from 2007 to 2020,this paper calculates the skill premium variable that can characterize the wage gap in cities.Using the low-carbon city pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment,this paper empirically evaluates the impact of the pilot policy on urban skill premium through the staggered difference-in-difference model.The study finds that the pilot policy significantly reduces the skill premium,and this conclusion still holds after tests such as treatment effect heterogeneity,parallel trends,and placebo.The mechanism analysis shows that the pilot policy reinforces the skill premium through the skill-biased technological progress mechanism on the demand side,while the labor skill structure upgrading mechanism on the supply side inhibits the skill premium.Further research shows that the impact of the pilot policy on the skill premium is significantly different in different regions,different resource endowments,different industrial foundations,and cities with high or low labor skills.The research provides useful experience and inspiration for narrowing the income gap and achieving common prosperity in the process of low-carbon transition.

Low-carbon City Pilot PolicySkill PremiumSkill-biased Technological ProgressLabor Skill Structure UpgradingStaggered DID

梁栋、刘宇、陈博洋、张硕

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中国农业大学经济管理学院,100083

北京大学城市与环境学院

北京大学碳中和研究院,100871

低碳城市试点政策 技能溢价 技能偏向型技术进步 劳动力技能结构升级 渐进双重差分

国家杰出青年科学基金国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金面上项目中央高校基本科研业务费专项北京大学项目

721250107224301171974186

2024

10.19361/j.er.2024.03.02

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武汉大学

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CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：1.49
ISSN：1005-3425
年,卷(期)：2024.247(3)
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