Environmental Protection or Trade Protection:The Economic Effects of Carbon Tariffs on China
Using GTAP-E model,this paper systematically assesses the autonomous emission reduction of the parties to the Paris Agreement,and further simulates the impacts on China's industries,trade and welfare of carbon tariffs imposed by the European Union(EU),the formation of a carbon tariff alliance among the United States,Japan and Europe,and the development of low-carbon technologies.The results show that China pays economic costs such as economic growth and social welfare decline to fulfill its commitment to autonomous emission reduction,which demonstrate China's responsibility as a responsible big country.Compared with"environmental protection",carbon tariffs have a more significant"trade protection"effect on related industries.If the United States,Japan,and Europe form a carbon tariff alliance and use it as a policy tool against China,the Chinese economy may have to bear certain negative impacts.China's development of low-carbon technologies can effectively reduce the negative impacts of autonomous emission reduction and carbon tariffs on the Chinese economy.Based on these,we should actively participate in the formulation of international environmental conventions and carbon emission standards,expand the scope of domestic carbon trading and accelerate the exploration of carbon tax legislation,and vigorously promote low-carbon technologies and the development of new energy industries.
Paris Agreementcarbon tariffsGTAP-Emodelcomputable general equilibrium
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