本文通过扩展Eeckhout et al.(2014)的理论模型,探讨中国不同技能劳动力在城市间分布的合理性及其对加总产出的影响.结合人口普查数据,我们发现中国不同技能劳动力在城市间的分布存在扭曲.反事实测算结果表明,由于中国大城市对低技能劳动力的歧视,2010年25.01％的低技能劳动力未能流入大城市,导致加总产出损失7.74％.大城市减少对低技能劳动力的歧视或实施针对低技能劳动力的住房优惠政策,可优化城市间不同技能劳动力的分布并提高加总产出.
Is the Distribution of Skilled Labor Across China's Cities Optimal?—A Study Based on the Complementarity between High-and Low-skilled Labor
We attempt to investigate the allocation of labor with different skill levels across Chinese cities and its effect on aggregate output.Using the model in Eeckhout et al.(2014)and the census data,we find that Chinese skilled-labor distribution across cities has deviated from the optimum.Counterfactual exercises show that the discrimination against low-skilled labor in large cities has rendered 25.01％of low-skilled labor unable to move to large cities,causing 7.74％aggregate output loss in 2010.Eliminating dis-crimination or providing housing discounts to low-skilled labor in large cities can improve the efficiency of skilled-labor allocation and increase aggregate output in China.
spatial misallocation of skilled-labordiscrimination against low skilled-laboraggregate output
万方数据
