首页|产业空间共聚、知识溢出与创新绩效——兼议区域产业多样化集群建设路径

产业空间共聚、知识溢出与创新绩效——兼议区域产业多样化集群建设路径

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行业在地理上邻近非本部门的"技术知识池"能否有效提升其创新绩效?基于不同关联的地理邻近所带来的效应是否存在差异?本文在知识生产函数的框架下,利用工业企业数据库和专利数据库,实证检验了行业方向性空间共聚形成差异化技术知识池的创新绩效提升效应.研究发现,行业创新水平会受到产业空间共聚形成的多样化技术知识池的正向影响,在使用英国的产业共聚指数作为工具变量解决可能存在的内生性后,结论依然成立.其中,知识溢出是产业共聚受到非本部门技术知识池影响的主要机制.主动共聚的创新溢出效应明显高于被动共聚,技术知识池对行业创新规模的提升效应略强于对行业创新质量的影响.进一步的研究发现,具有投入产出关联的行业间只有主动共聚才能显著提升双方行业的创新能力,而具有技术关联的产业共聚产生了明显的"寄生作用".本文的政策意义是,地方政府在构建区域多样化产业集群时要充分考虑产业间选址的空间依赖关系和历史规律,同时加强知识产权保护和行业监管,实现区域产业高质量发展.
Industrial Spatial Coagglomeration,Knowledge Spillovers and Innovation Performance:Discussion on the Construction Path of Regional Diversified Industrial Clusters
The impact of cross-industry spatial coagglomeration on enhancing innovation performance constitutes a highly dynamic area of inquiry.Positioned as a competitive hypothesis of Marshall-Arrow-Romer(MAR)externalities,Jacobs externalities are sub-stantiated by extensive empirical evidence and a robust theoretical underpinning.However,the pivotal mechanism of Jacobs exter-nalities resides in tacit knowledge spillovers,characterized by spatial attenuation effects,which primarily manifest within more local-ized geographic spaces,thereby resulting in a scarcity of concrete empirical evidence within academia in this regard.This study,grounded in the theoretical framework of the knowledge production function,employs an industrial coagglomera-tion index algorithm based on Wasserstein distance and Monte Carlo simulations to empirically examine whether diversified"tech-nological knowledge pools"from geographically proximate industries outside the focal sector yield knowledge spillover effects,thereby enhancing innovation performance within the focal industry.Specifically,by leveraging the directional characteristics of in-dustrial coagglomeration,the study bi-directionally investigates the differential impacts of technological knowledge pools shaped by"active coagglomeration"and"passive coagglomeration",thereby elucidating the mechanisms of industry diversification-driven knowledge spillovers and addressing the inadequacies of traditional diversification indices in testing Jacobs externalities.The findings reveal that industry innovation levels are positively influenced by the diversified technological knowl-edge pools shaped through spatial coagglomeration of industries.Even after employing the UK's industrial coagglomera-tion index as an instrumental variable to address potential endogeneity issues,the conclusions remain robust.The innova-tion spillover effects of active coagglomeration surpass those of passive coagglomeration,with the impact of technologi-cal knowledge pools on the industry innovation scale slightly outweighing that on innovation quality.Through inter-industry patent citations,this paper further substantiates that knowledge spillovers constitute the primary mechanism through which industrial coagglomeration is influenced by technological knowledge pools outside the focal sector.Fur-ther research reveals a weak correlation between input-output and technological linkages,indicating significant disparities in the innovation impacts of industrial coagglomeration under these distinct linkage drivers.Empirical evidence suggests that industries characterized by input-output linkages can significantly enhance mutual innovation capabilities only through active coagglomeration,challenging the efficacy of traditional innovation network construction based on industry upstream-downstream relationships.Conversely,industries with technological linkages exhibit pronounced"parasitic ef-fects,"whereby the innovation capabilities of passively coagglomerated industries are significantly undermined by ac-tively coagglomerated industries,emphasizing the importance of intellectual property protection.The marginal contributions of this paper primarily lie in the following aspects:(1)the initial verification,through geographi-cally proximate industrial coagglomeration indices,of the impact of technological knowledge pools shaped through inter-industry co-agglomeration on industry innovation performance;(2)attempting to address endogeneity issues in empirical testing by employing the UK's industrial coagglomeration index as an instrumental variable for causal identification;(3)from the perspective of inter-industry patent citations,validating the micro-mechanisms of knowledge spillovers from inter-industry spatial coagglomeration,and differentiating the effects of technological knowledge pools shaped through industrial coagglomeration on innovation performance based on input-output and technological linkages,thereby providing empirical evidence for the clustered development path of Chi-nese industrial innovation.This research offers a new explanatory perspective on Jacobs externalities and provides evidence from China,while also offering decision-making references for the high-quality innovation development of future industrial clusters in China.

Spatial CoagglomerationKnowledge PoolKnowledge SpilloversInnovation PromotionIndustrial Cluster Construction

陈露、刘修岩

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东南大学经济管理学院

东南大学国家发展与政策研究院,邮政编码:211189

产业空间共聚 技术知识池 知识溢出 创新提升 产业集群建设

国家社会科学基金重大项目国家自然科学基金青年基金中国博士后科学基金面上项目

22&ZD066723030262022M710693

2024

经济研究
中国社会科学院经济研究所

经济研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:4.821
ISSN:0577-9154
年,卷(期):2024.59(4)
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