首页|以互联式创新网络枢纽节点为靶向的中国创新激励政策——基于组合式知识生产函数的探讨

以互联式创新网络枢纽节点为靶向的中国创新激励政策——基于组合式知识生产函数的探讨

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互联式创新已成为数字经济时代创新的底层逻辑,而创新主体在互联式创新网络中的位势决定着其创新绩效,因而实施以互联式创新网络枢纽节点为靶向的精准滴灌式创新激励政策才是创新治理的未来方向.本文梳理了中国创新激励政策的演化趋势,基于互联式创新网络,构造了创新主体的组合式知识生产函数,建立了以知识搜寻、组合并创生新知识的创新行为模型,并应用2013-2022年ICT领域互联式创新网络数据,分析了中国以互联式创新网络枢纽节点为靶向的精准滴灌式创新激励政策的实际效果.结果表明:研发补贴、税收优惠等创新激励政策对网络中高中心度的枢纽节点效果更好,枢纽节点对互联式创新网络的结构以及整体创新绩效的提升起到了至关重要的作用.同时,数字技术可帮助创新主体提高中心度、成为创新的枢纽节点,而大企业、国有企业与高校更具备成为枢纽节点的潜力.文章揭示了数字经济时代互联式创新的行为机理,为中国创新激励政策从工业经济时代大水漫灌式向数字经济时代以枢纽节点为靶向的精准滴灌式转变提供了理论支撑,更为应对日益严重的贸易摩擦与知识围堵提出了辩证对策.
China's Innovation Incentives Policies Targeted at Hub Nodes of the Interconnected Innovation Network:An Inquiry Based on the Combinatorial Knowledge Production Function
Along with the widespread use of digital technologies that interconnect everything intelligently,intercon-nected innovation has become the underlying logic of innovation in the digital economy.Enterprises,heterogeneous knowledge entities and consumers rely on digital technologies to forge connections and accelerate knowledge transfer,which ultimately breaks away from the traditional inter-firm R&D network of the industrial economy and forms the inter-connected innovation network in the digital era.In the industrial economy,the scale,ownership,internal resources and management of enterprises are considered to be important factors influencing their innovation ability;in the digital economy,the position of innovation subjects in the interconnected innovation network determines their innovation perfor-mance.Hub nodes,which gather a huge amount of knowledge,not only generate a large number of innovations but also connect different innovation subjects and facilitate knowledge transfer.Therefore,targeted innovation incentives aimed at hub nodes of the interconnected innovation network are the future direction of innovation governance.We review the evolutionary trend of innovation incentive policies in China,construct a combinatorial knowledge pro-duction function of innovation subjects based on the interconnected innovation network,establish an innovation behavior model in which innovation is based on knowledge search and combination,and empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of targeted innovation incentive policies aimed at hub nodes of the interconnected innovation network in China.Specifi-cally,generalized broad-brush and selective innovation incentives struggle to accurately identify real innovative enter-prises,leading to poor results;thus,it is necessary to seek out real innovative enterprises for targeted innovation incen-tives.In the theoretical model,this paper takes the interconnected innovation network as the basis,based on the essential feature that innovation is a combination of knowledge,portrays the micro-innovation process of innovation subjects through the nonlinear combinatorial knowledge production function,and measures the position of innovation subjects in the network with the Katz-Bonacich centrality.The results show that the agglomeration of massive knowledge in the hub nodes leads to nonlinear incremental emergence of their innovations;innovation incentives are more effective for the hub nodes,for targeting hub nodes can achieve more net policy benefits compared with generalized and selective innovation incentives.This paper further derives the network generation process based on the Bianconi-Barabasi model,and finds that hub nodes play a crucial role in optimizing the overall structure of the interconnected innovation network as well as enhancing the overall innovation performance;digital technologies can help innovation subjects to increase centrality and become hub nodes,and large enterprises,state-owned enterprises,universities and research institutes exhibit greater po-tential to become hub nodes.In the empirical analysis,this paper constructs the interconnected innovation network in China's information and communications technology(ICT)field from 2013 to 2022 based on the behavior of joint patent application between dif-ferent innovation subjects,and tests the conclusions of the theoretical model.We also find that the U.S.current precise strikes on China's hub nodes of the high-tech field such as Huawei and ZTE by means of trade war and entity lists will rapidly crack the interconnected innovation network and seriously threaten the overall security of China's industrial and innovation chains.This paper has the following contributions.(1)It shows the micro-behavioral mechanism of interconnected innova-tion,and finds that the position of innovation subjects in the interconnected innovation network determines their innova-tion performance,which provides theoretical support for the transformation of China's innovation incentives from gener-alized broad-brush incentives in the industrial economy to targeted incentives aimed at hub nodes in the digital economy.(2)In the current context of targeted sanctions imposed by the U.S.on China's innovation hub nodes within the high-tech sector,this paper proposes measures to safeguard the overall security of the innovation and industrial chains and enhance the overall innovation output by protecting and supporting the hub nodes,offering a dialectical countermeasure to the es-calating trade war.(3)It further analyzes how to cultivate innovation hub nodes,provides theoretical guidance for Chi-nese enterprises to rapidly occupy core positions of the global interconnected innovation network,and points out the im-portant role of universities and research institutes as knowledge bridges and platforms in the interconnected innovation network.

Digital EconomyInterconnected InnovationCombinatorial Knowledge Production FunctionHub NodesTargeted Innovation Incentives

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南京大学商学院,邮政编码:210093

南京大学经济学院,邮政编码:210093

数字经济 互联式创新 组合式知识生产函数 枢纽节点 精准滴灌式创新激励

2024

经济研究
中国社会科学院经济研究所

经济研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:4.821
ISSN:0577-9154
年,卷(期):2024.59(10)